Table 1. Sample set of materials from the electrophysiological experiment on Hindi (with masculine gender A arguments; for feminine gender examples, see S1 Table).

Condition	Examples				Mean accuracy
AI	kitāb	beca-tā	hai	Gopāl	94 (5)
	book(F)[NOM]	sell-I.M	AUX	Gopal(M)[NOM]
	‘Gopal sells a book.’
UI	kitāb-ko	beca-tā	hai	Gopāl	92 (7)
	book(F)-ACC	sell-I.M	AUX	Gopal(M)[NOM]
	‘Gopal sells the book.’
AP	kitāb	bec-ī	hai	Gopāl-ne	95 (4)
	book(F)[NOM]	sell-P.F	AUX	Gopal(M)-ERG
	‘Gopal has sold a book.’
UP	kitāb-ko	bec-ā	hai	Gopāl-ne	94 (6)
	book(F)-ACC	sell-P.M	AUX	Gopal(M)-ERG
	‘Gopal has sold the book.’

Mean accuracy reports the accuracy for comprehension questions in %, with standard deviations by participants in brackets. Condition codes: A, ambiguous; U, unambiguous; I, imperfective aspect (not triggering ergative marking); P, perfective (triggering ergative marking). Glosses: AUX, auxiliary; ACC, accusative; ERG, ergative; F, feminine; M, masculine; NOM, nominative.