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. 2015 Aug 13;5:13020. doi: 10.1038/srep13020

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Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Actual rates are based on all registered live-births in England for infant mortality (n = 10,238,950) and on all babies alive at day seven after birth for late neonatal mortality (n = 10,207,750). Counterfactual rates are model-predicted rates based on a complete case scenario but without impact of smoke-free legislation (n = 9,911,272 for late neonatal mortality, n = 9,933,349 for infant mortality). Only outcomes where smoke-free legislation had a significant impact are shown. A: late neonatal mortality (n = 9,911,272); B: infant mortality (n = 9,933,349). Models are adjusted for non-linear time trends, month, maternal age, maternal marital status, sex, birth weight, socioeconomic status, region, and urbanisation level and based on complete cases. Dotted line represents introduction of smoke-free legislation. Note different scales on Y-axis.