Table 4.
Macronutrient intake among adults aged ≥20 years with diagnosed diabetes by visits to a dietitian or diabetes nurse educator, NHANES 2005-2010
| Visited a dietitian or diabetes nurse educator |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Within past year | >1 year ago | Never | |
| Participants [n (%)] | 297 (37.0) | 237 (32.3) | 272 (30.7) |
| Total energy (kcal) | 1,704* ± 67 | 1,986 ± 65 | 1,934 ± 62 |
| Fiber (g)a | 9.0 ± 0.4 | 8.6 ± 0.3 | 8.5 ± 0.4 |
| Sugar (g) | 77.0 ± 5.9 | 85.3 ± 4.3 | 85.7 ± 5.7 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 198.9 ± 9.8 | 213.2 ± 7.3 | 216.6 ± 9.7 |
| % of total kcal | 47.5 ± 1.1 | 44.3 ± 0.9 | 47.6 ± 1.4 |
| Protein (g) | 73.3** ± 3.6 | 86.0 ± 4.2 | 78.6 ± 3.5 |
| % of total kcal | 18.1 ± 0.5 | 17.6 ± 0.6 | 17.0 ± 0.5 |
| Total fat (g) | 66.8** ± 3.8 | 83.2 ± 4.2 | 75.0 ± 3.8 |
| % of total kcal | 34.7 ± 0.8 | 37.0 ± 0.8 | 35.0 ± 1.1 |
| Saturated fat (g) | 20.5 ± 1.2 | 26.9 ± 1.7 | 24.2 ± 1.5 |
| % of total kcal | 10.8** ± 0.3 | 12.0 ± 0.5 | 11.3 ± 0.5 |
| Monounsaturated fat (g) | 29.6** ± 1.5 | 31.8 ± 1.6 | 28.0 ± 1.5 |
| Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 15.8 ± 1.0 | 17.2 ± 1.2 | 16.2 ± 0.8 |
| Total cholesterol (mg) | 259.9** ± 16.7 | 326.1 ± 16.5 | 293.8 ± 21.1 |
Data are mean ± SE unless otherwise indicated. Means are adjusted for race/ethnicity, age, sex, BMI, education level, smoking status, and family history of diabetes.
a
The ADA recommendation for diabetes management and diabetes prevention among people with prediabetes who are obese is 14 g/1,000 kcal daily.
*
P < 0.05 compared with >1 year ago and never made a visit.
**
P < 0.05 compared with >1 year ago.