Table I.
Context of Care: demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristics | Total, n (%), N = 2172 | By SB type
|
P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MMC (n = 1763) | Non-MMC (n = 409) | |||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age group, y | ||||
| Younger than 2 | 373 (17.2) | 300 (17.0) | 73 (17.8) | |
| 2 to <5 | 346 (15.9) | 265 (15.0) | 81 (19.8) | |
| 5 to <10 | 454 (20.9) | 364 (20.6) | 90 (22.0) | |
| 10 to <13 | 252 (11.6) | 207 (11.7) | 45 (11.0) | |
| 13 to <18 | 419 (19.3) | 342 (19.4) | 77 (18.8) | |
| 18 to <22 | 210 (9.7) | 179 (10.2) | 31 (7.6) | |
| 22 or older | 118 (5.4) | 106 (6.0) | 12 (2.9) | .0364 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 1141 (52.5) | 909 (51.6) | 232 (56.7) | .0618 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1377 (63.4) | 1137 (64.5) | 240 (58.7) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 144 (6.6) | 128 (7.3) | 16 (3.9) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 526 (24.2) | 426 (24.2) | 100 (24.4) | |
| Other | 125 (5.8) | 72 (4.1) | 53 (13.0) | <.0001 |
| Insurance (N = 2171) | ||||
| Any private | 1010 (46.5) | 788 (44.7) | 222 (54.3) | |
| Nonprivate | 1161 (53.5) | 974 (55.3) | 187 (45.7) | .0005 |
| Site | ||||
| 1 | 411 (18.9) | 339 (19.2) | 72 (17.6) | |
| 2 | 271 (12.5) | 233 (13.2) | 38 (9.3) | |
| 3 | 242 (11.1) | 218 (12.4) | 24 (5.9) | |
| 4 | 247 (11.4) | 201 (11.4) | 46 (11.2) | |
| 5 | 231 (10.6) | 190 (10.8) | 41 (10.0) | |
| 6 | 255 (11.7) | 175 (9.9) | 80 (19.6) | |
| 7 | 172 (7.9) | 153 (8.7) | 19 (4.6) | |
| 8 | 196 (9.0) | 132 (7.5) | 64 (15.6) | |
| 9 | 75 (3.5) | 63 (3.6) | 12 (2.9) | |
| 10 | 72 (3.3) | 59 (3.3) | 13 (3.2) | <.0001 |
| Education level | ||||
| Pre-elementary | 857 (39.5) | 676 (38.3) | 181 (44.3) | |
| Primary/secondary | 1205 (55.5) | 993 (56.3) | 212 (51.8) | |
| Technical school | 8 (0.4) | 7 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | |
| Some college | 43 (2.0) | 36 (2.0) | 7 (1.7) | |
| College degree | 7 (0.3) | 6 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | |
| Advanced degree | 4 (0.2) | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.5) | |
| Other | 48 (2.2) | 43 (2.4) | 5 (1.2) | .1523 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Mobility status age 2 and older (n = 1782) | ||||
| Community ambulators | 961 (53.9) | 651 (45.0) | 310 (92.3) | |
| Household ambulators | 147 (8.2) | 140 (9.7) | 7 (2.1) | |
| Nonfunctional ambulators | 145 (8.1) | 137 (9.5) | 8 (2.4) | |
| Nonambulators | 529 (29.7) | 518 (35.8) | 11 (3.3) | <.0001 |
| Functional LOL† | ||||
| Thoracic (flaccid lower extremities) | 330 (15.2) | 325 (18.4) | 5 (1.2) | |
| High-lumbar (hip-flexion present) | 211 (9.7) | 204 (11.6) | 7 (1.7) | |
| Mid-lumbar (knee extension present) | 581 (26.7) | 543 (30.8) | 38 (9.3) | |
| Low-lumbar (foot dorsiflexion present) | 393 (18.1) | 343 (19.5) | 50 (12.2) | |
| Sacral (foot plantar flexion present) | 657 (30.2) | 348 (19.7) | 309 (75.6) | <.0001 |
| Bowel function | ||||
| Impaired bowel function, total sample‡ | 1891 (87.1) | 1618 (91.8) | 273 (66.7) | <.0001 |
| Impaired bowel function, ages 5 and older§ | 1200 (82.6) | 1059 (88.4) | 141 (55.3) | <.0001 |
| Bladder function | ||||
| Impaired bladder function, total Sample** | 1989 (91.6) | 1693 (96.0) | 296 (72.4) | <.0001 |
| Impaired bladder function, ages 5 and older§ | 1299 (89.4) | 1133 (94.6) | 166 (65.1) | <.0001 |
LOL, level of lesion.
P-value for difference between type of SB (MMC vs non-MMC).
LOL is collected for both right and left side of the body; n = 128 with differences by side of the body. Reported here is the side with the most severe impairment.
Individuals are classified as having impaired bowel function if they are have involuntary release of stool or use an intervention (bowel-management technique) to prevent involuntary release of stool.
Subsample of all participants ages 5 or older = 1453.
Individuals are classified as having impaired bladder function if they are have involuntary release of urine or use an intervention (bladder-management technique) to prevent involuntary release of urine.