Figure 2.
A naïve T cell can be differentiated into any Th effector cells depending on the cytokines released into the microenvironment. Dietary constituents including vitamin A metabolite retinoic acids, vitamin D, and polyphenolics are shown to inhibit the expression of various cytokines such as IL4, IL6, and IL12, and thereby increase TGFβ-dependent peripheral Treg induction.