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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2015 May 20;232(17):3123–3133. doi: 10.1007/s00213-015-3957-3

Figure 3.

Figure 3

High frequency stimulation (HFS) in the vHipp of unstressed rats recapitulates the antidepressant-like effects of ketamine on the forced swim test when assessed one week post treatment. As we have shown previously, ketamine treatment significantly attenuated immobility on the forced swim test compared to saline controls (*p < 0.009). Moreover, HFS in the vHipp induced a similar reduction in immobility on the forced swim test compared to vehicle controls (+p < 0.006). Thus, HFS had an antidepressant-like effect on the forced swim test that was similar to that of ketamine. All data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6-7/group.

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