Table 3. Simpson’s Index of Diversity (1-D) among isolates from poultry faeces and farm environment.
| Average Simpson’s Index of Diversity [range] | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Origin of isolates a | Isolate characteristics b | Broilers (n = 3) | Laying hens (n = 5) |
| Flocks | Phylo/ESBL | 0,89 [0.82–0.92] | 0,51 [0.22–0.76]* |
| Flocks | ST/Phylo/ESBL/ABR | 0.93 [0.91–0.96] | 0,63 [0.22–0.92] |
| Flocks | ESBL/ABR | 0,90 [0.83–0.93] | 0,37 [0.00–0.56]* |
| Environment | Phylo/ESBL | 0,88 [0.83–0.92] | 0,60 [0.40–0.90] |
| Environment | ST/Phylo/ESBL/ABR | 0,94 [0.92–0.94] | 0,77 [0.44–1.00]° |
| Environment | ESBL/ABR | 0,91 [0.88–0.93] | 0,57 [0.17–0.90]° |
a Isolates from faeces and rinse water (‘Flocks) or isolates from the farm environmental (‘Environment’)
b Diversity was analysed for three combinations of isolate characteristics: phylogenetic subgroup and ESBL-genotype; (Phylo/ESBL); ST, phylogenetic subgroup, ESBL-genotype and ABR profile (ST/Phylo/ESBL/ABR) and ESBL-genotype and ABR profile (ESBL/ABR)
* = At the same characteristics level, the difference between broiler and laying hen farms is statistically significant (P<0.05) using the Mann-Whitney U test
° = Within farm type and at the same characteristics level, the difference between ‘Flocks’ and ‘Environment’ is statistically significant (P<0.05) using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test.