Table 3. The value analysis of several main predictors of PAF in general.

Predictors of PAF	HR	95% CI	P value
Biomarkers
hs-CRP	1.15	1.04-1.24	0.002
WBC count	1.423	1.067-1.897	0.016
SUA	2.804	1.466-5.362	0.002
ECHO parameters
LAE	2.34	1.27-4.32	0.007
LAD	1.077	1.014-1.144	0.015
ECG parameters
Pd	−	−	<0.001
Clinical index
Female, gender	2.00	1.02-3.92	0.043
HTN	3.127	1.269-7.706	0.013
IHD	4.549	1.679-12.322	0.003
Diabetes	3.425	1.422-8.249	0.006
CKD (S4 and 5)	2.18	−	0.009
APT (≥4 mm)	9.514	3.419-26.105	<0.001
Duration of AF	1.010	1.001-1.018	0.025
Type of AF	2.412	1.042-5.584	0.040

In contrast, younger age (<50 yrs) (HR 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.09) and lack of persistent AF (HR 3.27; 95% CI, 1.0 to 10.7) were each independent predictors of freedom from AF (data sources: all data in this table are from literatures in Table 2 in this paper). PAF, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; CRP, C-reactive protein; SUA, serum uric acid; LAE, left atrial enlargement; LAD, left atrial diameter; Pd, P wave dispersion; HTN, hypertension; IHD, ischemic heart disease; CKD (S), chronic kidney disease (stage); APT, aortic plaque thickness; AF, atrial fibrillation.