Table 2.
Independent variables and post-obturation pain incidence after 1 day and 7 days (n = 538)
| Independent variable | Category (No.) | Incidence of pain after 1 day | Incidence of pain after 7 days | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | p-value | No. | % | p-value | ||
| Treatment visit | Single (275) | 68 | 25 % | 0.03* | 11 | 4 % | 0.47 |
| Multiple (263) | 88 | 33 % | 14 | 5 % | |||
| Obturation method | Thermafil (234) | 47 | 20 % | <0.01* | 10 | 4 % | 0.72 |
| Lateral condensation (304) | 109 | 36 % | 15 | 5 % | |||
| Use of loupe | Yes (243) | 74 | 30 % | 0.50 | 10 | 4 % | 0.59 |
| No (295) | 82 | 28 % | 15 | 5 % | |||
| Operator’s experience | <=10 years (309) | 110 | 36 % | <0.01* | 15 | 5 % | 0.79 |
| >10 years (229) | 46 | 20 % | 10 | 4 % | |||
| Gender | Male (233) | 65 | 28 % | 0.62 | 10 | 4 % | 0.73 |
| Female (305) | 91 | 30 % | 15 | 5 % | |||
| Arch | Upper (320) | 92 | 29 % | 0.38 | 21 | 7 % | 0.01* |
| Lower (218) | 64 | 29 % | 4 | 2 % | |||
| Tooth position | Anterior (135) | 34 | 25 % | 0.26 | 5 | 4 % | 0.55 |
| Posterior (403) | 122 | 30 % | 20 | 5 % | |||
| Canal | Single (219) | 59 | 27 % | 0.38 | 10 | 5 % | 0.94 |
| Multiple (319) | 97 | 30 % | 15 | 5 % | |||
| C-shaped canal | Yes (22) | 8 | 35 % | 0.44 | 0 | 6 % | 0.62a |
| No (516) | 148 | 24 % | 25 | 3 % | |||
| Periodontal pocket | Yes (57) | 17 | 30 % | 0.88 | 5 | 9 % | 0.17a |
| No (481) | 139 | 29 % | 20 | 4 % | |||
| Apical periodontitis | Yes (210) | 36 | 17 % | <0.01* | 7 | 3 % | 0.25 |
| No (328) | 120 | 37 % | 18 | 5 % | |||
| Tender to percussion | Yes (182) | 60 | 33 % | 0.15 | 13 | 7 % | 0.05a |
| No (356) | 96 | 27 % | 12 | 3 % | |||
| Hypermobility | Yes (18) | 5 | 28 % | 0.91 | 3 | 17 % | 0.05 |
| No (520) | 151 | 29 % | 22 | 4 % | |||
| Abscess or sinus tract | Yes (50) | 10 | 20 % | 0.14 | 4 | 8 % | 0.28a |
| No (488) | 146 | 30 % | 21 | 4 % | |||
| Tooth vitality | Vital (219) | 78 | 36 % | 0.01* | 12 | 5 % | 0.45 |
| Non-Vital (319) | 78 | 24 % | 13 | 4 % | |||
| Opposing tooth | Yes (513) | 150 | 29 % | 0.57 | 24 | 5 % | 1.00a |
| No (25) | 6 | 24 % | 1 | 4 % | |||
| Independent variable | Incidence of pain after 1 day | Incidence of pain after 7 days | |||||
| No (n = 382) | Yes (n = 156) | p-value | No (n = 513) | Yes (n = 25) | p-value | ||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||
| Age | 46.9 (17.2) | 45.4 (16.1) | 0.36 | 46.5 (16.9) | 46.4 (17.9) | 0.97 | |
| Pre-operative pain intensity | 1.7 (2.7) | 2.8 (3.2) | <0.01* | 2.0 (2.9) | 2.4 (2.8) | 0.57 | |
| Treatment time | 52.5 (31.3) | 47.6 (28.4) | 0.09 | 50.7 (29.9) | 59.1 (42.9) | 0.34 | |
aFisher’s exact test; *Significant result, p < 0.05