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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 14.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Protoc Cytom. 2009 Jul;0 12:Unit–12.17. doi: 10.1002/0471142956.cy1217s49

Figure 12.17.13.

Figure 12.17.13

Rise time of Ca2+c transients. In a Rhod-2AM-loaded guinea pig heart, the rise time of Ca2+c transients was measured by superimposing the second derivative of the Ca2+c upstroke and the trace; rise time was the time between the maximum and minimum of the second derivative.