Table 1. Demographic and clinical presentations.

Characteristic	Survivors (n = 17)	Deaths (n = 4)	OR(95%CI)	p-value
Age (years)
Mean ± SD	54.82 ± 8.74	53.50 ± 9.00		0.789
Range	39–68	42–64
Gender
Male/female	10/7	4/0	0.7(0.5–1.0)	0.255
Blood type
A/B/O/AB	4/4/6/3	2/2/0/0		0.091
Comorbidities
None	4	1	0.9(0.1–11.5)	1.000
Heavy drinking	2	3	22.5(1.5–335.3)	0.028
Liver disease &	9	1	0.3(0.0–3.5)	0.586
Clinical symptoms
Fever	17	4
Pain	12	4	1.3(1.0–1.8)	0.532
Swelling	9	4	1.4(1.0–2.1)	0.131
Hemorrhagic bulla	9	2	0.9(0.1–7.9)	1.000
Cellulitis	6	4	1.7(1.0–2.8)	0.035
Gastrointestinal discomforts*	7	0	0.7(0.5–1.0)	0.255
Septic shock	5	4	1.8(1.0–3.2)	0.021
Multiple organ failure	2	4	3.0 (1.0–9.3)	0.003
Pathogens cultured site
Bile/not bile culture	5/12	3/1	1.3(1.0–5.8)	0.532

Note

^&: Chronic liver diseases include hepatitis B, and C, alcoholic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver transplantation, and liver hepatic carcinoma.

*: Gastrointestinal discomfort including abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.