Table 1. Adult patients with visceral leishmaniasis according to the following aspects: demographic; clinical; therapeutic; co-morbidities and evolution to death (n = 134).
| Variable | Death | RR | CI 95% | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Yes | No | ||||
| (n = 134) | (n = 29) | (n = 105) | ||||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 70.1 (94) | 18.1 (17) | 81.9 (77) | 1 | 0.192 | |
| Female | 29.9 (40) | 30.0 (12) | 70.0 (28) | 1.66 | 0.88–3.15 | |
| Age in years | ||||||
| 18 to 50 | 74.6 (100) | 19.0 (19) | 81.0 (81) | 1 | 0.302 | |
| ≥ 50 | 25.4 (34) | 29.4 (10) | 70.6 (24) | 1.55 | 0.80–2.99 | |
| Fever | ||||||
| No | 9.1 (12) | 50.0 (6) | 50.0 (6) | 1 | 0.029 | |
| Yes | 90.9 (120) | 18.3 (22) | 81.7 (98) | 0.37 | 0.19–0.72 | |
| Edema | ||||||
| No | 65.9 (87) | 11.5 (10) | 88.5 (77) | 1 | <0.001 | |
| Yes | 34.1 (45) | 37.8 (17) | 62.2 (28) | 3.29 | 1.64–6.57 | |
| Splenomegaly | ||||||
| No | 34.6 (46) | 39.1 (18) | 60.9 (28) | 1 | <0.001 | |
| Yes | 65.4 (87) | 11.5 (10) | 88.5 (77) | 0.29 | 0.15–0.58 | |
| Hepatomegaly | ||||||
| No | 29.1 (39) | 35.9 (14) | 64.1 (25) | 1 | 0.019 | |
| Yes | 70.9 (95) | 15.8 (15) | 84.2 (80) | 0.44 | 0.24–0.82 | |
| Cough | ||||||
| No | 37.6 (50) | 16.0 (8) | 84.0 (42) | 1 | 0.298 | |
| Yes | 62.4 (83) | 25.3 (21) | 74.7 (62) | 1.58 | 0.76–3.30 | |
| Weight loss | ||||||
| No | 9.2 (12) | 0.0 (0) | 100.0 (12) | 1 | 0.127 | |
| Yes | 90.8 (119) | 23.5 (28) | 76.5 (91) | - | - | |
| Relapse | ||||||
| No | 82.8 (111) | 15.3 (17) | 84.7 (94) | 1 | <0.001 | |
| Yes | 17.2 (23) | 52.2 (12) | 47.8 (11) | 3.41 | 1.89–6.13 | |
| HIV | ||||||
| No | 63.4 (85) | 11.8 (10) | 88.2 (75) | 1 | <0.001 | |
| Yes | 36.6 (49) | 38.8 (19) | 61.2 (30) | 3.30 | 1.67–6.51 | |
| Bacterial infection | ||||||
| No | 64.9 (87) | 6.9 (6) | 93.1 (81) | 1 | <0.001 | |
| Yes | 35.1 (47) | 48.9 (23) | 51.1 (24) | 7.10 | 3.11–16.20 | |
| Pneumonia | ||||||
| No | 87.3 (117) | 15.4 (18) | 84.6 (99) | 1 | <0.001 | |
| Yes | 12.7 (17) | 64.7 (11) | 35.3 (6) | 4.21 | 2.42–7.30 | |
| Tuberculosis | ||||||
| No | 97.8 (131) | 19.8 (26) | 80.2 (105) | 1 | 0.001 | |
| Yes | 2.2 (3) | 100.0 (3) | 0.0 (0) | 5.04 | 3.57–7.11 | |
| Treatment | ||||||
| Pentavalent Antimonial | 4.5 (6) | 0.0 (0) | 100.0 (6) | 0.00 | - | 1.000 |
| Amphotericin B deoxycholate | 15.7 (21) | 14.3 (3) | 85.7 (18) | 1.31 | 0.35–4.99 | 0.698 |
| Liposomal Amphotericin B | 45.5 (61) | 34.4 (21) | 65.6 (40) | 3.17 | 1.29–7.77 | 0.010 |
| Association of two drugs | 34.3 (46) | 10.9 (5) | 89.1 (41) | 1 | ||
The results are presented as relative frequency (absolute frequency). RR = relative risk. CI 95% = Confidence interval of 95%. P values in the chi-square test. Significant risks are indicated by p values in bold.