Table 1.

Summary of PICOS criteria used in the meta-analysis to address the research question: Does the use of vitamin D supplementation alone or with calcium change adiposity measures?

Parameter	Description
Population	General adult population
Interventions	Supplementation with vitamin D alone or supplementation with vitamin D plus calcium
Comparators	Placebo or calcium alone
Outcome	Change in adiposity measures (BMI, fat mass, or weight)
Setting	Randomized, double-blind, controlled trials with a minimum of 50 participants, a minimum duration of intervention of 3 mo, and measurement of BMI, fat mass, or weight

Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index (kg/m²).