Table 2.
Protease inhibitor drug resistance mutations
| Mutation | Non-drug users | Injection drug users | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ART (−), n = 21 | ART (+), n = 32 | ART (−), n = 32 | ART (+), n = 47 | |
| L90M + K20R | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) |
| D30N + T74S + K20R | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| D30N + M46I + G48E | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) |
| D30N + M46I + K20I | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) |
| G48E | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| G48R | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| K20I | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) |
| K20R | 8 (38.1) | 5 (15.6) | 5 (15.6) | 7 (8.5) |
| L10I | 2 (9.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.3) | 3 (6.4) |
| L10V | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| L33F | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| V32L | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) |
| I13V + L63P | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| L10I + K20R | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) |
| L10V + K20R | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 2 (6.3) | 2 (4.3) |
| L10V + T74S | 0 (0.0) | 3 (9.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| L10V + V11I | 2 (9.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| L33F + A71T | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Data presented are number and proportion of subjects. Mutations are denoted based on Stanford drug resistance database and International Antiviral Society-USA drug resistance mutations panel [12, 39, 40], where number shows amino acid position in the protease gene, and letter before position is wild type amino acid and after the position mutant amino acid
Major mutations are shown in bold
A alanine, D aspartic acid, E glutamic acid, F phenylalanine, G glycine, I isoleucine, K lysine, L leucine, M methionine, N asparagine, P proline, R arginine, S serine, T threonine, V valine, ART (−) antiretroviral treatment-naive, ART (+) antiretroviral treatment-experienced, HIV-1 human immunodeficiency virus type-1