Table 1.

PCR primers

		Primer Sequence
Usage	Transcript	Forward	Reverse	Product Size, bp	PCR Cycle Count
Semiquantitative PCR	Tfam	5′-ATGGCGCTGTTC CGGGGAATGTGG-3′	5′-TTAATTCTCAGA GATGTCTCCCGGG-3′	735	34
	S12	5′-GGAAGGCATAGC TGCTGG-3′	5′-CCTCGATGACATC CTTGG-3′	638	26
Real-time PCR
mRNA	Tfam	5′-CGCCTGTCAGCC TTATCTGTA-3′	5′-TGCATCTGGGTGT TTAGCTTA-3′	131	n/a
	COX I	5′-GCCAGTATTAGCA GCAGGTAT-3′	5′-TGTTGATAAAGGA TTGGGTCT-3′	102	n/a
	S12	5′-ATGGACGTCAAC ACTGCTCT-3′	5′-ATCTCTGCGTGCT TGCAT-3′	127	n/a
	β-Actin	5′-CCCCATTGAACA CGGCAT-3′	5′-GCCAACCGTGAA AAGATGACC-3′	154	n/a
DNA	COX I	5′-GCCAGTATTAGCA GCAGGTAT-3′	5′-TGTTGATAAAGGA TTGGGTCT-3′	102	n/a
	COX II	5′-CCCATTTCAACTT GGCTTACA-3′	5′-AGGGAGCTGATG AGGAATACA-3′	102	n/a
	D-loop region	5′-TCTCGATGGTAAC GGGTCTA-3′	5′-GCCTTGACGGCT ATGTTGA-3′	106	n/a
	β-Actin	5′- AGCCTTCCTTCCT GGGTAAGT-3′	5′-GGATGCCACAGGA TTCCATA-3′	124	n/a

Tfam, mitochondrial transcription factor A; S12, ribosomal protein 12 (Rps12); COX I, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I; COX II, cytochrome c oxidase subunit II; D-loop region, noncoding regulatory region of the mitochondrial genome; β-actin, cytoskeletal protein β-actin; bp, base pairs.