Table 1.

Main characteristics of included studies summarized for the meta-analysis

Year	First Author	Country	Ethnicity	Study design	Tuberculosis				controls		HIV status	Source of genotyping
					Part of the body	Sample size	Diagnosis method	Genotyping method		Sample size
2014	Arji N	Morocco	African	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	274	AFB smear and culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	203	Negative	blood
2013	Wu	China	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	213	Clinical symptoms bacteriology X-ray	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	211	Negative	blood
2013	Alexandra	Romania	European	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	68	Not available	ARMS-PCR	Healthy persons	110	Negative	blood
2012	Rathored	India	SW Asian	PB	MDR tuberculosis and drug sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis	692	AFB smear and culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	205	Negative	blood
2011	J Kim	South Korean	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary (98) and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (62)	160	AFB smear and culture	Pyro sequencing	Healthy persons	156	Not available	blood
2011	T Kang	South Korean	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	103	AFB smear and culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	105	Not available	blood
2011	Sudarto	South Sumatera, Indonesia	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	40	positive acid-fast bacilli sputum examination	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	40	Not available	blood
2011	A Singh	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	101	AFB smear or culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	225	Negative	blood
2011	Sharma	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	474	AFB smear or culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	607	Not available	blood
2011	Wang X	China	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	213	AFB smear or culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	211	Not available	blood
2011	Ates	Turkey	European	PB	Pulmonary (98) and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (30)	128	AFB smear or culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy persons	80	Not available	blood
2010	Marashian	Iran	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	164	AFB smear and X-ray	PCR-RFLP	contacts	50	Not available	blood
2009	Banoei	Iran	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	60	Confirmed in Massih Danes hvari	PCR-RFLP	Healthy subjects	62	Negative	blood
2009	Vidyarani	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	40	AFB smear and culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy subject	49	Not available	blood
2009	Selvaraj	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	65	Clinical symptom, AFB smear and culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy subjects	60	Negative	blood
2009	Alagarasu	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary (187) and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (30)	217	AFB smear, clinical criteria and X-ray	PCR-RFLP	Healthy controls	144	Cases (51%), Controls (0)	blood
2009	Meng XJ	China	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary (185 and extra pulmonary tuberculosis (39)	224	AFB smear or culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy controls	225	Negative	blood
2009	Jiao WW	China	ES Asian	HB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	125	Clinical symptom, AFB smear and X-ray	PCR-RFLP	Healthy controls	446	Negative	blood
2008	Selvaraj	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	51	AFB smear and culture	PCR-RFLP	Normal health subjects	60	Negative	blood
2008	Liu Y.-D	China	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	60	AFB smear and culture	SNaPshot	Normal health subjects	30	Negative	blood
2007	Wilbur	Paraguay	American	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	54	Clinical symptoms, PPD test	PCR-RFLP	No symptoms	124	Not available	blood
2007	Olesen	Guinea-Bissau	African	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	320	AFB smear and clinical criteria	TaqMan	Healthy controls	344	HIV positive in 33% case sand negative in controls	blood
2007	Babb	South Africa	African	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	249	AFB smear and XRay	PCR-RFLP	No clinical history or symptoms of TB	352	Negative	blood
2007	Soborg	Tanzanian	African	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	435	Culture	PCR-SSP	Culture negative	416	HIV positive in 44% cases and 18% controls	blood
2006	Chen XR	China	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	140	Clinical symptoms, AFB smear and XRay	PCR-RFLP	household contacts	139	Negative	blood
2006	Lombard	Venda	African	HB	Pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis	66	AFB smear	ARMS-PCR	Healthy controls with no history of TB	86	Negative	blood
2004	Bornman	Gambia, Guinea- Bissau, Guinea	African	HB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	416	AFB or culture	PCR-RFLP	Healthy community control subjects	718	Cases (12.5%), controls (6.8%)	blood
2004	Fitness	Malawi	African	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	386	AFB smear, culture and histology	PCR-RFLP	Healthy controls	624	Cases (67.6%), Controls (13.1%)	blood
2004	Selvaraja	India	SW Asian	PB	Spinal tuberculosis patients	64	X-ray and Clinical criteria	PCR-RFLP	77 were contacts and 26 were normal healthy subjects.	103	Not available	blood
2004	Selvarajb	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	46	AFB smear, culture and and radiographic abnormalities	PCR-RFLP	clinically normal	64	Negative	blood
2004	Roth	Peru	American	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	100	AFB smear	PCR-RFLP	Two healthy controls, 1PPD+ and 1PPD-	201	Negative	blood
2004	Liu	China	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	120	AFB smear, culture and X-ray	PCR-RFLP	normal controls	240	Negative	blood
2002	Delgado	Cambodia	ES Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	358	AFB smear	PCR-RFLP	contacts with no TB	106	Negative	Blood
2000	Selvaraja	India	SW Asian	PB	Spinal tuberculosis	66	Culture and X-ray	PCR-RFLP	contacts with no TB	80	Not available	Blood
2000	Selvarajb	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	44	AFB smear and culture	PCR-SSOP	contacts with no TB	66	Not available	Blood
2000	Selvarajc	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	200	X-ray and Clinical criteria	PCR-SSOP	patient contacts	108	Not available	Blood
2000	Wilkinson	India	SW Asian	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis (27) and military tuberculosis (64)	91	Biopsy or culture Tuberculosis	PCR-RFLP	contacts with no TB	116	Negative	Blood
1999	Bellamy	Gambia	African	PB	Pulmonary tuberculosis	408	AFB smear	PCR-SSCP	Male donors	414	Negative	Blood

^a,b,c: To differentiate the different articles by the same author (Selvaraj) in the same year (2004, 2000). PB: population-based; HB: hospital-based; AFB, Acid-fast bacilli; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MDR, multi-drug resistance for isoniazide and rifampicin; PPD, purified protein derivative; SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphism; TB, tuberculosis; PCR-RFLP, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.