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Winter hearts exhibit decreased times to peak contraction, times to 50% relaxation, and exponential time constant of pressure decay (τ). A: at low to moderate stimulation frequencies, times between 50% and peak contraction were lower in winter (n = 10) than summer (n = 9) hearts. B: at low to moderate simulation frequencies, times to 50% relaxation were lower in winter hearts. C: τ was lower in winter hearts. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 (by Bonferroni's post test).
