TABLE 1.
Host variable bivariate analysis in isolates of M. tuberculosis by groups
| Host variable | Total |
Resistance results by groupa |
Odds ratiob | 95% confidence interval | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistant to at least one first-line drug (EMBr+EMBs) |
Ps |
||||||||
| No. (n = 175) | % | No. (n = 110) | % | No. (n = 65) | % | ||||
| Male gender | 118 | 67 | 70 | 64 | 48 | 74 | 0.6 | 0.3–1.2 | 0.16c |
| Diabetes mellitus | 55 | 31 | 34 | 31 | 21 | 32 | 0.9 | 0.5–1.8 | 0.79c |
| Malnutrition | 10 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 2.5 | 0.5–12.0 | 0.32d |
| Anemia | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | NAe | NA | 0.16d |
| Drug | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA | 0.15d |
| Alcohol addiction | 20 | 11 | 16 | 15 | 4 | 6 | 2.6 | 0.8–8.1 | 0.13d |
| Tobacco addiction | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 0.9 | 0.1–5.3 | 1.00d |
| Retreatment | 87 | 50 | 82 | 75 | 5 | 8 | 39.4 | 14.2–108.7 | <0.001d |
a
EMBr, ethambutol resistant; EMBs, ethambutol sensitive; Ps, pansensitive.
b
The OR was calculated by associating the risk of different host variables with drug resistance. The opposite event of each variable was used like a comparison group (male/female; with/without diabetes mellitus; with/without malnutrition; with/without anemia; with/without drugs; with/without alcohol addiction; with/without tobacco addiction; retreatment/new treatment.
c
By chi-square test. P values of <0.05 are significant.
d
By Fisher's exact test. P values of <0.05 are significant.
e
NA, not applicable, as cells with values of 0 do not permit the calculation of OR or confidence interval (CI).