Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Sufficient group | Insufficient group | Total | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 34 | n = 63 | n = 97 | ||
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 38 (34, 43) | 21 (16, 24) | 24 (18, 35) | <0.001 |
| Male sex | 74 % (25) | 65 % (41) | 68 % (66) | 0.53 |
| Age (years) | 45 (38, 50) | 47 (38, 53) | 45 (38, 52) | 0.87 |
| White race/ethnicity | 50 % (17) | 54 % (34) | 53 % (51) | 0.87 |
| Nadir CD4+ T lymphocyte (cells/mm3) | 185 (97, 230) | 143 (49, 242) | 170 (71, 236) | 0.39 |
| ≥ 350 | 3 % (1) | 3 % (2) | 3 % (3) | |
| 200–349 | 38 % (12) | 34 % (21) | 36 % (33) | |
| 50–199 | 53 % (17) | 36 % (22) | 42 % (39) | |
| < 50 | 6 % (2) | 26 % (16) | 19 % (18) | |
| Baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte (cells/mm3) | 650 (437, 754) | 688 (499, 792) | 673 (465, 775) | 0.39 |
| ≥ 500 | 66 % (19) | 74 % (43) | 72 % (62) | |
| 350–499 | 24 % (7) | 16 % (9) | 18 % (16) | |
| < 350 | 10 % (3) | 10 % (6) | 10 % (9) | |
| Time on ART (years) | 5 (4, 5) | 5 (5, 6) | 5 (4, 6) | 0.40 |
| Time on TDF (years) | 3 (1, 4) | 3 (0, 5) | 3 (1, 5) | 0.42 |
| Time on AZT (years) | 0 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 5) 4(1.3,4.9) | 0.06 |
| Time on EFV (years) | 3 (0, 5) | 4 (2, 5) | 4 (1, 5) | 0.10 |
| Time on PI (years) | 2 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 2) | 0 (0, 5) | 0.10 |
| Current TDF use | 77 % (26) | 68 % (43) | 71 % (69) | 0.54 |
| Current AZT use | 24 % (8) | 35 % (22) | 31 % (30) | 0.35 |
| Current EFV use | 65 % (22) | 73 % (46) | 70 % (68) | 0.54 |
| Current PI use | 35 % (12) | 24 % (15) | 28 % (27) | 0.33 |
| DXA classificationa | 0.17 | |||
| Normal | 32 % (6) | 29 % (10) | 30 % (16) | |
| Osteopenia | 63 % (12) | 46 % (16) | 52 % (28) | |
| Osteoporosis | 5 % (1) | 26 % (9) | 18 % (10) | |
| Any bone diseaseb | 68 % (13) | 71 % (25) | 70 % (38) | 0.10 |
| BMIa (kg/m2) | 25 (23, 27) | 25 (24, 28) | 25 (23, 27) | 0.46 |
| < 18.5 | 5 % (1) | 0 (0) | 2 % (1) | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 47 % (9) | 51 % (18) | 50 % (27) | |
| 25.0–29.9 | 47 % (9) | 31 % (11) | 11 % (6) | |
| ≥ 30.0 | 0 (0) | 17 % (6) | 37 % (20) | |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.2 (0.3, 0.9) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.6) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.6) | 0.56 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 89 (81, 95) | 88 (81, 93) | 88 (81, 93) | 0.73 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.5 (5.3, 5.7) | 5.5 (5.3, 5.7) | 5.5 (5.3, 5.7) | 0.84 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 108 (76, 181) | 121 (86, 185) | 120 (80, 184) | 0.55 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195 (171, 223) | 196 (173, 217) | 196 (172, 221) | 0.82 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 45 (37, 51) | 47 (39, 58) | 47 (39, 58) | 0.60 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 117 (93, 140) | 120 (92, 145) | 118 (92, 143) | 0.89 |
Median (interquartile range) or percent (n) presented
25(OH)D 25-hydroxyvitamin D, TDF tenofovir, AZT zidovudine, EFV efavirenz, PI protease inhibitor, DXA dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin
aData available for 54 patients (19 in sufficiency group, 35 in insufficiency group)
bAny bone disease aggregates osteoporosis and osteopenia