Table 7.
Author | Methodology | Needling details | Control intervention | Technology | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participants | Handedness | Groups | Sessions | Points (uni-/bilateral) |
Needling depth | Manipulation | deqi | Retention time | Intervention 1 | Group 1 | Intervention 2 | Group 2 | Intervention 3 | Group 3 | Imaging | Technical device | Software | |
Cabrini et al. [38] | 10 | n/a | 1 | 2 | PC6, LR3, HT7, Yintang, ear Shenmen (bil) | n/a | n/a | Yes | 20 min | Manual | 10 | NAP | 20 | BIS | n/a | n/a | ||
Hsu et al. [39] | 24 | n/a | 2 | 1 | TH5 (l) | 15 mm | n/a | Yes | 20 min | Manual | 12 | NAP | 12 | EEG | Biopac brain wave detection helmets | IOPAC | ||
Kim et al. [40] | 10 | n/a | 1 | 3 | PC6 | 5–10 mm | n/a | n/a | 15 min | Manual | 10 | NAP | 10 | EEG | Biopac Systems | Daubechies | ||
Kim et al. [43] | 10 | n/a | 2 | 1 | PC5 (bil) versus PC6 (bil) | 0.3 mm | 20 Hz | n/a | 5 min | Electro | n/a | NAP | n/a | EEG | n/a | ADC | ||
Litscher [41] | 25 | n/a | 1 | 4 | Yintang | 5 mm | 4 × 20 sec | n/a | 10 min | Manual | 25 | NAP acupressure | 25 | Laser | 25 | EEG + BIS | Zipprep Electrodes, Aspect A-1000 | n/a |
Streitberger et al. [42] | 20 | n/a | 1 | 2 | LI4 (bil) | 1 mm | 15 sec | Yes | 10 min | Manual | 10 | Streitberger at NAP | 10 | EEG | CATEEM | Vision Analyzer |