Table 5.
Summary table of meta-analysis of association between studied characteristics and progressive adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
| Studied characteristics | Study | Participants |
Heterogeneity |
Summary statistics |
P value | Level of evidence (GRADE) | |||
| (n) | (n) | I2 (%) | Level | Pooled odds ratio |
95% confident limits |
||||
| Lower | Upper | ||||||||
| Age (< 13 yr) | 3 | 760 | 59 | Moderate | 2.7 | 1.8 | 4.6 | 0.001 | Low |
| Osteopenia | 3 | 686 | 51 | Moderate | 2.8 | 1.4 | 5.6 | 0.005 | Low |
| Brain stem dysfunction | 1 | 28 | NA | NA | 24.0 | 2.4 | 240.3 | 0.007 | Very low |
| Multiple indices1 | 7 | 1057 | 35 | Moderate | 9.6 | 6.1 | 15.2 | < 0.001 | Low |
| Curve pattern | 4 | 607 | 59 | Moderate | 2.3 | 1.2 | 4.6 | 0.017 | Low |
| Curve progression during bracing | 1 | 85 | NA | NA | 33.2 | 4.0 | 272.9 | 0.001 | Very low |
| Initial Cobb angle | 8 | 3719 | 90 | High | 7.6 | 4.2 | 13.6 | < 0.001 | Low |
| Melatonin signaling | 2 | 89 | 0 | Low | 6.5 | 1.1 | 38.2 | 0.037 | Low |
| Platelet calmodulin | 2 | 72 | 39.9 | Moderate | 39.9 | 2.2 | 735.9 | 0.013 | Low |
| Premenarche | 6 | 980 | 64 | High | 4.0 | 2.0 | 7.9 | < 0.001 | Low |
| Rib-vertebral angle | 1 | 113 | NA | NA | 5.6 | 2.2 | 13.9 | < 0.001 | Very low |
| Skeletal immaturity | 4 | 891 | 50 | Moderate | 2.8 | 1.6 | 4.8 | < 0.001 | Low |
| SNP CALM1 | 1 | 67 | NA | NA | 1.7 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 0.036 | Very low |
| SNP ER1 | 2 | 379 | 63 | High | 2.4 | 1.3 | 4.7 | 0.009 | Low |
| SNP IGF1 | 1 | 340 | NA | NA | 2.1 | 0.9 | 4.5 | 0.054 | Very low |
| SNP IL17RC | 1 | 312 | NA | NA | 1.5 | 0.9 | 2.4 | 0.074 | Very low |
| SNP NTF3 | 1 | 120 | NA | NA | 3.3 | 1.0 | 10.9 | 0.050 | Very low |
| SNP TPH1 | 1 | 312 | NA | NA | 2.1 | 1.0 | 4.4 | 0.052 | Very low |
| SNPs(53), ScoliScore test | 2 | 713 | 0 | Low | 17.2 | 7.1 | 41.5 | < 0.001 | Low |
| Gi proteins functional status | 1 | 956 | NA | NA | 2.6 | 1.9 | 3.7 | < 0.001 | Very low |
1
Multiple indices included combinatorial radiographic, demographic, and physiologic characteristics. NA: Not available; SNP: Single nucleotide polymorphism; CALM1: Calmodulin 1; ER1: Estrogen receptor 1; IGF1: Insulin-like growth factor 1; IL17RC: Interleukin-17 receptor C; NTF3: Neurotrophin 3; TPH1: Tryptophan hydroxylase 1.