Table 2.
CTQ scores in bipolar groups compared to controls.a
| All bipolar N = 60b |
Bipolar I N = 31b,c |
Bipolar II N = 25b,c |
Control N = 55% |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comparison |
Comparison |
Comparison |
||||||||||||
| CTQ | (SD) | U | p | CTQ | (SD) | U | p | CTQ | (SD) | U | p | CTQ | (SD) | |
| CTQ total | 44.4 | (19.1) | 490.0 | < 0.001 | 43.6 | (20.6) | 280.5 | 0.004 | 41.1 | (13.1) | 203.0 | 0.003 | 31.2 | (8.0) |
| Emotional abuse | 10.4 | (5.4) | 780.0 | < 0.001 | 10.2 | (5.8) | 470.0 | 0.012 | 9.7 | (4.3) | 294.0 | 0.005 | 6.8 | (2.8) |
| Physical abuse | 7.5 | (4.4) | 903.0 | 0.005 | 7.9 | (4.9) | 461.0 | 0.005 | 6.0 | (2.1) | 439.5 | 0.387 | 5.4 | (1.3) |
| Sexual abuse | 7.7 | (5.4) | 1092.5 | 0.131 | 7.9 | (4.9) | 584.5 | 0.182 | 7.1 | (4.1) | 428.5 | 0.224 | 6.2 | (3.1) |
| Emotional neglect | 12.4 | (6.0) | 767.0 | < 0.001 | 12.7 | (7.0) | 459.5 | 0.011 | 11.1 | (4.2) | 299.0 | 0.008 | 8.2 | (3.5) |
| Physical neglect | 7.9 | (3.8) | 787.5 | < 0.001 | 8.1 | (4.2) | 446.0 | 0.002 | 7.2 | (3.0) | 306.5 | 0.003 | 5.7 | (1.7) |
a
Table showing mean and SD of CTQ scores in different subject groups with a comparison using Mann–Whitney U-test of CTQ scores between the bipolar groups (all bipolar patients and those with a diagnosis of bipolar I or bipolar II) with controls.
b
Numbers vary due to the incomplete return of CTQs: all bipolar, N = 49–57; bipolar I, N = 25–31; bipolar II, N = 20–22; control, N = 39–45.
c
Four participants with bipolar disorder were not sub-classified as either bipolar I or II.
CTQ: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.