Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population in childhood and adulthood
| Characteristic | Men | Women | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 168 | n = 212 | ||
| Childhood (12–13 years) | |||
| Systolic BP, mm Hg (mean; SD) | 112.3 (10.7) | 116.6 (12.4) | 0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg (mean; SD) | 55.1 (10.2) | 55.6 (11.1) | 0.649 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (median; IQR) | 17.9 (16.5;20.0) | 18.6 (17.1;20.2) | 0.021 |
| Sexual maturity score (median; IQR) | 0 (0;1) | 6 (4;9) | <0.001 |
| Adulthood (48–49 years) | |||
| Systolic BP, mm Hg (median; IQR) | 134.3 (123.5;150.0) | 125.6 (116.2;138.7) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg (median; IQR) | 89.3 (82.0;96.0) | 80.7 (74.8;88.0) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/l (mean; SD) | 4.0 (1.1) | 3.8 (1.1) | 0.106 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/l (mean; SD) | 1.4 (0.5) | 1.8 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 (median; IQR) | 26.7 (24.5;29.5) | 25.7 (23.0;29.6) | 0.145 |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 106 (63.1) | 77 (36.3) | <0.001 |
| Smoking, % N (%) | 68 (40.5) | 41 (19.3) | <0.001 |
| Intima- media thickness, mm (mean; SD) | 0.66 (0.11) | 0.61 (0.08) | <0.001 |
| Pulse wave velocity, m/s (mean; SD) | 7.1 (2.1) | 6.1 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Educational level, N (%) | |||
| Low | 54 (32.1) | 47 (22.2) | 0.058 |
| Intermediate | 53 (31.5) | 67 (31.6) | |
| High | 61 (36.3) | 98 (46.2) | |
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index; BP blood pressure; HDL high density lipoprotein; IQR interquartile range (25 percentile and 75 percentile values); LDL low density lipoprotein; SD standard deviation