TABLE 2—
Educational Differences in Adjusted Drug Poisoning Rates by Gender and Race: National Vital Statistics System, Current Population Survey; United States; 1994–2010
| Characteristic | 1994 Rate (95% CI) | 2010 Rate (95% CI) | Rate Difference, 2010 vs 1994 (95% CI) | Percentage Rate Increase, 2010 vs 1994 (95% CI) |
| Women | ||||
| White | ||||
| < HS degree vs college degree | 3.5 (2.5, 4.5) | 22.9 (17.6, 28.3) | 19.4 (14.1, 24.8) | 555 (327, 783) |
| HS degree vs college degree | 1.9 (1.2, 2.5) | 15.8 (14.2, 17.4) | 13.9 (12.2, 15.6) | 746 (434, 1058) |
| Some college vs college degree | 0.2 (–0.2, 0.6) | 7.2 (6.1, 8.3) | 7.0 (5.7, 8.2) | 3342 (–2831, 9515) |
| SII | 4.5 (3.2, 5.8) | 36.7 (30.6, 42.9) | 32.3 (26.0, 38.5) | 719 (450, 989) |
| Black | ||||
| < HS degree vs college degree | 4.0 (2.1, 5.9) | 9.6 (6.7, 12.5) | 5.6 (2.8, 8.4) | 139 (30, 248) |
| HS degree vs college degree | 3.8 (1.9, 5.7) | 8.8 (6.5, 11.2) | 5.0 (2.8, 7.3) | 133 (27, 238) |
| Some college vs college degree | 0.5 (–0.6, 1.6) | 4.1 (2.6, 5.5) | 3.6 (1.7, 5.5) | 702 (–1038, 2443) |
| SII | 6.3 (3.4, 9.3) | 13.3 (8.7, 17.8) | 6.9 (2.1, 11.7) | 110 (3, 217) |
| Other or mixed race | ||||
| < HS degree vs college degree | 0.7 (–0.3, 1.7) | 4.1 (2.1, 6.1) | 3.4 (1.6, 5.2) | 485 (–251, 1220) |
| HS degree vs college degree | 1.8 (0.1, 3.6) | 4.6 (2.7, 6.5) | 2.8 (0.8, 4.8) | 154 (–70, 379) |
| Some college vs college degree | 0.2 (–0.5, 0.9) | 3.0 (1.9, 4.2) | 2.9 (1.8, 4.0) | 1609 (–4980, 8198) |
| SII | 1.7 (–0.2, 3.5) | 8.6 (4.3, 12.9) | 7.0 (3.2, 10.7) | 418 (–78, 915) |
| Men | ||||
| White | ||||
| < HS degree vs college degree | 8.7 (6.6, 10.8) | 27.4 (22.6, 32.1) | 18.7 (13.3, 24.1) | 215 (117, 312) |
| HS degree vs college degree | 6.0 (4.4, 7.6) | 23.3 (21.0, 25.7) | 17.3 (14.9, 19.8) | 289 (191, 388) |
| Some college vs college degree | 1.2 (0.6, 1.8) | 8.8 (7.5, 10.1) | 7.6 (6.2, 9.0) | 631 (265, 997) |
| SII | 12.9 (9.8, 15.9) | 47.9 (41.5, 54.4) | 35.1 (27.8, 42.3) | 272 (169, 376) |
| Black | ||||
| < HS degree vs college degree | 11.7 (7.4, 16.1) | 18.3 (13.1, 23.6) | 6.6 (3.0, 10.2) | 56 (17, 96) |
| HS degree vs college degree | 12.9 (8.9, 16.9) | 18.3 (13.6, 23.0) | 5.4 (1.7, 9.2) | 42 (7, 77) |
| Some college vs college degree | 3.4 (1.6, 5.1) | 5.8 (3.7, 7.8) | 2.4 (0.0, 4.8) | 71 (–25, 168) |
| SII | 19.2 (12.2, 26.1) | 29.0 (19.5, 38.6) | 9.8 (2.6, 17.1) | 51 (7, 95) |
| Other or mixed race | ||||
| < HS degree vs college degree | 2.1 (0.8, 3.3) | 4.5 (2.3, 6.6) | 2.4 (0.4, 4.4) | 116 (–11, 243) |
| HS degree vs college degree | 3.7 (2.2, 5.1) | 6.4 (3.8, 9.0) | 2.7 (0.2, 5.2) | 74 (–5, 153) |
| Some college vs college degree | 1.7 (0.6, 2.8) | 3.0 (1.4, 4.5) | 1.3 (–0.4, 2.9) | 74 (–51, 199) |
| SII | 4.4 (2.4, 6.4) | 11.2 (6.0, 16.3) | 6.8 (2.0, 11.6) | 156 (24, 289) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; HS = high school; SII = slope index of inequality. We calculated rates by linking drug poisoning death counts from the National Vital Statistics System to population denominators from the Current Population Survey. Rates are per 100 000 population. We adjusted all models for age (24–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, > 64 years) and National Vital Statistics System educational attainment coding scheme (1989 or 2003). We modeled SII separately for each gender and race.