TABLE 1—
Alabama |
Alaska |
Indiana |
Kentucky |
Mississippi |
Missouri |
North Dakota |
South Carolina |
Texas |
West Virginia |
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Sociodemographic Characteristics | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) | No. | Mean (SD) |
Dependent variables | ||||||||||||||||||||
100% smoke-free laws in all 3 venues | 1 166 | 0.02 (0.14) | 353 | 0.03 (0.17) | 1 867 | 0.04 (0.19) | 1 086 | 0.14 (0.35) | 1 090 | 0.06 (0.25) | 2 662 | 0.02 (0.13) | 1 732 | 0.005 (0.06) | 762 | 0.15 (0.35) | 2 857 | 0.03 (0.17) | 723 | 0.37 (0.48) |
100% smoke-free laws in any of the 3 venues | 1 166 | 0.06 (0.23) | 353 | 0.05 (0.21) | 1 867 | 0.12 (0.32) | 1 086 | 0.20 (0.40) | 1 090 | 0.11 (0.32) | 2 662 | 0.09 (0.29) | 1 732 | 0.005 (0.07) | 762 | 0.17 (0.37) | 2 857 | 0.05 (0.23) | 723 | 0.81 (0.39) |
No. of venue types with 100% smoke-free laws | 1 166 | 0.12 (0.52) | 353 | 0.12 (0.56) | 1 867 | 0.25 (0.72) | 1 086 | 0.48 (1.05) | 1 090 | 0.28 (0.81) | 2 662 | 0.19 (0.63) | 1 732 | 0.01 (0.19) | 762 | 0.48 (1.08) | 2 857 | 0.12 (0.54) | 723 | 1.74 (1.14) |
Explanatory variables | ||||||||||||||||||||
Urban status | 1 166 | 0.52 (0.50) | 353 | 0.11 (0.31) | 1 867 | 0.36 (0.48) | 1 086 | 0.53 (0.50) | 1 090 | 0.35 (0.48) | 2 662 | 0.33 (0.47) | 1 732 | 0.04 (0.19) | 762 | 0.61 (0.49) | 2 857 | 0.66 (0.47) | 723 | 0.56 (0.50) |
Total population | 1 166 | 4 042 (12 068) | 353 | 1 958 (15 376) | 1 867 | 3 437 (9 806) | 1 086 | 3 946 (8 044) | 1 090 | 2699 (4060) | 2 662 | 2 225 (9 183) | 1 732 | 381 (3 416) | 762 | 5 921 (9 952) | 2 857 | 8 510 (52 498) | 723 | 2 546 (3 729) |
% racial/ethnic minority | 1 166 | 0.25 (0.27) | 353 | 0.55 (0.39) | 1 867 | 0.06 (0.09) | 1 086 | 0.07 (0.10) | 1 090 | 0.44 (0.30) | 2 662 | 0.08 (0.16) | 1 732 | 0.04 (0.14) | 762 | 0.38 (0.25) | 2 857 | 0.38 (0.31) | 723 | 0.05 (0.10) |
% living and working in same locality | 1 144 | 0.14 (0.21) | 341 | 0.59 (0.39) | 1 856 | 0.10 (0.19) | 1 071 | 0.13 (0.22) | 1 090 | 0.22 (0.26) | 2 634 | 0.10 (0.18) | 1 657 | 0.08 (0.19) | 759 | 0.12 (0.18) | 2 821 | 0.18 (0.23) | 712 | 0.13 (0.20) |
% with < high-school diploma | 1 164 | 0.22 (0.14) | 353 | 0.17 (0.16) | 1 866 | 0.14 (0.10) | 1 085 | 0.22 (0.14) | 1 084 | 0.24 (0.13) | 2 660 | 0.17 (0.12) | 1 732 | 0.12 (0.16) | 762 | 0.21 (0.12) | 2 855 | 0.22 (0.18) | 722 | 0.20 (0.12) |
% working in blue-collar occupations | 1 144 | 0.73 (0.16) | 343 | 0.66 (0.20) | 1 858 | 0.73 (0.13) | 1 072 | 0.71 (0.15) | 1 089 | 0.74 (0.13) | 2 636 | 0.72 (0.16) | 1 665 | 0.58 (0.27) | 759 | 0.73 (0.15) | 2 820 | 0.70 (0.16) | 712 | 0.73 (0.16) |
Per capita income in past 12 mo | 1 140 | 21 123 (8813) | 335 | 22 409 (11 997) | 1 857 | 23 832 (12 383) | 1 066 | 21 746 (12 446) | 1 084 | 17 651 (6 752) | 2 625 | 21 852 (10 075) | 1 604 | 29 018 (20 237) | 754 | 21 039 (10 164) | 2 819 | 23 643 (13 524) | 711 | 19 200 (6 484) |
Note. A 100% smoke-free law was defined as an ordinance or regulation that prohibits smoking in all indoor areas of these venues, including attached bars or separately ventilated rooms, and that does not include a size exemption. The study assessed 3 outcomes: (1) 100% smoke-free law covering restaurants, bars, and workplaces (yes or no); (2) 100% smoke-free law covering restaurants, bars, or workplaces (yes or no); and (3) the number of these 3 venue types covered by a 100% smoke-free law (0–3).