TABLE 2—
State-Specific Logit Models Assessing Binary Dependent Variable for 100% Smoke-Free Laws as of July 2011 in Worksites, Restaurants, and Bars: US Tobacco Control Laws Database and 2006–2010 American Community Survey
| Sociodemographic Characteristics | Alabama (n = 1130), OR (95% CI) | Alaska (n = 330), OR (95% CI) | Indiana (n = 1851), OR (95% CI) | Kentucky (n = 1061), OR (95% CI) | Mississippi (n = 1081), OR (95% CI) | Missouri (n = 2616), OR (95% CI) | North Dakota (n = 1587), OR (95% CI) | South Carolina (n = 753), OR (95% CI) | Texas (n = 2797), OR (95% CI) | West Virginia (n = 704), OR (95% CI) |
| Logit modela | ||||||||||
| Urban status | 9.080** (1.985, 41.54) | 0.798 (0.214, 2.971) | 2.045* (1.133, 3.688) | 8.489** (3.427, 21.03) | 1.993 (0.727, 5.467) | . . .b | 0.458 (0.0493, 4.253) | 2.181* (1.193, 3.987) | . . .b | 0.508** (0.360, 0.715) |
| Total population (log) | 1.084 (0.841, 1.397) | 1.232 (0.778, 1.951) | 1.442** (1.142, 1.821) | 0.815* (0.687, 0.967) | 1.616** (1.225, 2.131) | 1.654** (1.280, 2.137) | 4.693* (1.408, 15.640) | 1.174* (1.004, 1.373) | 1.434** (1.228, 1.675) | 1.104 (0.973, 1.252) |
| % racial/ethnic minority | 0.820 (0.545, 1.234) | 0.593 (0.255, 1.378) | 1.011 (0.766, 1.336) | 1.797** (1.419, 2.275) | 1.116 (0.806, 1.544) | 1.895 (0.953, 3.768) | 0.634 (0.035, 11.400) | 1.113 (0.873, 1.419) | 1.955** (1.348, 2.836) | 0.945 (0.807, 1.106) |
| % living and working in same locality | 4.567** (2.496, 8.355) | 1.310 (0.610, 2.814) | 1.064 (0.842, 1.345) | 1.411** (1.148, 1.735) | 2.902** (1.978, 4.258) | 5.477** (2.976, 10.08) | 1.950 (0.412, 9.225) | 1.080 (0.893, 1.308) | 3.253** (2.296, 4.608) | 1.062 (0.922, 1.222) |
| % with < high-school diploma | 0.852 (0.484, 1.497) | 0.565 (0.277, 1.152) | 0.834 (0.619, 1.123) | 0.567** (0.409, 0.786) | 0.802 (0.607, 1.061) | 0.542* (0.333, 0.884) | 0.963 (0.121, 7.697) | 0.511** (0.381, 0.684) | 0.558** (0.387, 0.804) | 0.836* (0.713, 0.980) |
| Per capita income in past 12 mo | 0.384 (0.090, 1.636) | 1.714 (0.500, 5.875) | 1.158 (0.572, 2.341) | 5.239** (2.274, 12.070) | 0.810 (0.328, 2.002) | 4.008** (1.556, 10.32) | 1.806 (0.020, 160.200) | 1.262 (0.608, 2.621) | 2.329 (0.949, 5.720) | 0.737 (0.423, 1.285) |
| % working in blue-collar occupations | 1.263 (0.715, 2.231) | 1.223 (0.684, 2.188) | 0.650* (0.466, 0.908) | 0.846 (0.631, 1.136) | 0.901 (0.676, 1.200) | 0.628 (0.349, 1.131) | 3.045 (0.871, 10.65) | 1.053 (0.791, 1.402) | 0.750 (0.523, 1.076) | 0.824* (0.700, 0.969) |
| Logit model with interactiona (racial/ethnic minority and urban status) | 0.760 (0.495, 1.166) | 2.275 (0.721, 7.173) | 2.130** (1.236, 3.671) | 1.698 (0.916, 3.147) | 0.977 (0.495, 1.929) | . . .b | . . .b | 1.288 (0.786, 2.109) | . . .b | 1.102 (0.821, 1.478) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio.
The reported results are ORs from the Logit model. An OR of > 1 implies that an explanatory variable is associated with higher odds of the outcome. An OR of < 1 implies that an explanatory variable is associated with lower odds of the outcome. An OR = 1 implies that an explanatory variable does not affect the odds of the outcome. For example, the OR for the variable “urban status” in Alabama is 9.080; this implies that, everything else being constant, the odds that an urban locality in Alabama has a comprehensive smoke-free law in worksites, restaurants, and bars are 9.080 times higher than that for a nonurban locality in Alabama.
Urban status was dropped from the model for Missouri and Texas because of the complete determination in maximum likelihood estimation. The indicator for the interaction between percentage racial/ethnic minority and urban status was dropped from the model for Missouri, North Dakota, and Texas for the same reason.
*P < .05; **P < .01.