Fig. 3.

(a) Bird population dynamics in ROK. Lines represent the scaled average number of waterfowl observed at four sites across ROK (counts scaled so the maximum count at each site equals one). Bars represent the number of H5N8 viruses isolated in ROK in 2014 from wild birds (dark gray) and domestic birds (light gray). (b) The estimated MCC phylogeny of Eurasian H5N8 and American H5 strains (all H5 clade 2.3.4.4). Branch lengths represent time and the tree is placed on the same timescale as the plot in part (a) above. Branch colors represent locations inferred via discrete trait reconstruction using BSSVS (see key). “Long branches”, as discussed in the main text, are dashed. Squares and circles at tips represent host species (see key). Provinces in ROK correspond to the locations and colors used in Fig. 1. Numbers at nodes show posterior probabilities >0.7. Several sets of proximate provinces which are represented by few isolates have been grouped. A fully annotated tree is provided in Fig. A.1. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)