Table 1.
Selected Characteristics of the Study Population
| Variable | Controls (n=162) |
Cases(n=136) |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (mean ± standard deviation, years) | 27.0± 7.0 | 27.7± 7.4 |
| Gestational week | Range (28–42) | Range (25–41) |
| <37 (%) | 14(9) | 44(32) |
| 37–38 (%) | 48(29) | 43(30) |
| >38 (%) | 100(62) | 49(38) |
| Gestational week at first prenatal visit | Range (1–38) | Range (1–36) |
| <12 (%) | 121(77) | 102(78) |
| 12–20 (%) | 22(14) | 19(14.5) |
| >20(%) | 14(9) | 10(7.5) |
| Parity | ||
| Nulliparous (%) | 51(32) | 60(44) |
| Multiparous (%) | 111(68) | 74(56) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic White (%) | 157(97) | 131(96) |
| Hispanic Black (%) | 0 | 1(1) |
| Non-Hispanic Black (%) | 3(2) | 3(2) |
| Arab (%) | 1(0.5) | 1(1) |
| Filipino (%) | 1(0.5) | 0 |
| Birth weight (±Standard Deviation, grams) | 3290±536 | 2903± 884 |
| Maternal body mass index (mean ± standard deviation, kg/m2) | 25.7 ± 5.2 | 27.9 ±6.3 |
| Prenatal care (%) | 151 (93) | 119 (90) |
| Chronic Hypertension (%) | 2 (1) | 6 (4) |
| History of Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy (%) | 6 (4) | 15 (11) |
| Maximum systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117.9 ± 10.9 | 163 ± 15.9 |
| Maximum diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 68.8 ± 9.0 | 97.5 ± 9.9 |
| History of diabetes (%) | 6 (4) | 15 (11) |
| History of allergies (%) | 15 (9.0) | 17 (12.5) |
| History of asthma (%) | 8 (5) | 4 (3) |
| Mother’s smoking history (%) | 6 (4) | 9 (6) |
| Exposure to secondhand smoke (%) | 20 (14) | 22 (26) |
| Small for gestational age (%) | 8 (5) | 16 (12) |
4 cases and 9 controls were missing birth weight. Maternal body mass index was measured pre-pregnancy using height and weight. Body Mass Index was missing for 17 subjects (13 controls and 4 cases).
Chronic hypertension refers to those individuals who had high blood pressure prior to their pregnancies.