Table 2. Bivariate associations of condom use among female sex workers in The Gambia.
| Variable | Always used condoms in past 6 months (n = 251) | Always used condoms in past month with new clients (n = 161) | Always used condoms in past month with nonpaying partners (n = 119) | Used condom at last vaginal or anal sex with nonpaying partner (n = 120) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95 % CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
| Age | 1.01 | (0.98, 1.05) | 1.06 | (0.98, 1.15) | 1.02 | (0.97, 1.08) | 1.01 | (0.96, 1.07) |
| Living with HIV | 0.83 | (0.41, 1.65) | 0.35 | (0.11, 01.12) | 1.26 | (0.50, 3.18) | 1.11 | (0.46, 2.65) |
| Education | ||||||||
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Primary | 1.55 | (0.79, 3.07) | 0.70 | (0.18, 2.67) | 0.95 | (0.36, 2.56) | 1.10 | (0.44, 2.76) |
| Secondary + | 1.06 | (0.57, 1.98) | 1.03 | (0.27, 3.89) | 1.01 | (0.40, 2.57) | 1.10 | (0.46, 2.63) |
| Grew up | ||||||||
| Rural Gambia | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Urban Gambia | 2.05 | (0.99, 4.24) | 9.33** | (2.30, 37.94) | 1.67 | (0.49, 5.68) | 1.14 | (0.39, 3.29) |
| Outside Gambia | 2.68* | (1.24, 5.79) | 2.33 | (0.68, 8.00) | 2.10 | (0.56, 7.87) | 1.78 | (0.55, 5.67) |
| Number of children | 0.99 | (0.85, 1.17) | 1.60* | (1.01, 2.53) | 1.01 | (0.80, 1.27) | 0.95 | (0.77, 1.19) |
| Lives with | ||||||||
| No one | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Sexual partner/boyfriend | 0.37* | (0.18, 0.79) | 0.20 | (0.02, 2.05) | 0.72 | (0.24, 2.16) | 1.03 | (0.37, 2.85) |
| Other | 0.71 | (0.39, 1.32) | 0.13 | (0.02, 1.01) | 0.87 | (0.36, 2.10) | 1.26 | (0.54, 2.93) |
| As a result of selling sex… | ||||||||
| Afraid to seek healthcare | 0.33* | (0.14, 0.77) | 1.99 | (0.25, 16.05) | 0.25 | (0.03, 2.05) | 0.34 | (0.07, 1.69) |
| Verbal or physical harassment (by any perpetrator) | 1.02 | (0.60, 1.74) | 2.29 | (0.76, 6.93) | 0.26* | (0.11, 0.62) | 0.30** | (0.14, 0.65) |
| Blackmailed (by any perpetrator) | 1.19 | (0.65, 2.19) | 1.75 | (0.38, 8.13) | 2.29 | (0.95, 5.48) | 3.91* | (1.60, 9.56) |
| Safe places to socialize with sex workers | 1.38 | (0.73, 2.61) | 3.37* | (1.15, 9.85) | 1.26 | (0.41, 3.84) | 1.10 | (0.41, 2.98) |
| Can count on sex worker colleagues to support condom use | ||||||||
| Strongly disagree | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Disagree | 1.21 | (0.33, 4.53) | 1.20 | (0.11, 13.32) | 2.75 | (0.38, 19.67) | 1.35 | (0.21, 8.62) |
| Agree | 3.30** | (1.46, 7.42) | 1.74 | (0.42, 7.16) | 1.32 | (0.38, 4.57) | 1.54 | (0.47, 5.02) |
| Strongly agree | 2.39 | (0.91, 6.27) | 0.86 | (0.17, 4.33) | 1.10 | (0.25, 4.86) | 1.35 | (0.34, 5.44) |
| Disclosed sex work to healthcare worker | 0.78 | (0.45, 1.34) | 5.76* | (1.26, 26.27) | 0.24* | (0.10, 0.58) | 0.27** | (0.13, 0.60) |
| Tested for STIs past year | 1.65 | (0.97, 2.80) | 2.57 | (0.85, 7.77) | 1.18 | (0.53, 2.59) | 0.77 | (0.37, 1.60) |
| Tested for HIV in past year | 1.90* | (1.04, 3.45) | 5.05** | (1.62, 15.70) | 2.75* | (1.12, 6.76) | 2.03 | (0.93, 4.46) |
| Received HIV prevention information in past year | 2.74*** | (1.57, 4.79) | 5.09 ** | (1.56, 16.60) | 2.04 | (0.85, 4.88) | 1.65 | (0.76, 3.58) |
| Ever pregnant | 1.93* | (1.03, 3.58) | 2.02 | (0.68, 5.97) | 0.34* | (0.13, 0.87) | 0.49 | (0.20, 1.21) |
| Condom acquisition | ||||||||
| Get all for free | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Buy all | 1.16 | (0.59, 2.30) | 1.07 | (0.28, 4.09) | 0.28* | (0.10, 0.82) | 0.36 | (0.12, 1.04) |
| Buy and get for free | 0.50 | (0.19, 1.33) | 3.00 | (0.29, 31.01) | 0.16* | (0.03, 0.79) | 0.23* | (0.54, 0.96) |
| Ever offered more money for non-condom-protected sex | 0.95 | (0.56, 1.61) | 2.33 | (0.77, 7.04) | 0.40* | (0.18, 0.88) | 0.59 | (0.29, 1.23) |
| Ease suggesting condom use with clients | 1.02*** | (1.01, 1.03) | 1.02* | (1.00, 1.03) | – | – | – | – |
Notes.
*
p < 0.05.
**
p < 0.01.
***
p < 0.001.