Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of the participants
| Healthy controls (n = 39) |
MDD (n =39) |
Healthy controls vs MDD | MDD (n = 39) | Responders vs nonresponders vs dropout MDD | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Responders (n = 12) |
Nonresponders (n = 9) |
Dropout MDD (n = 18) |
|||||||
| %, n | %, n | χ2 (df = 1) | p | %, n | %, n | %, n | χ2 (df = 2) | p a | |
| Male, % (male/female) | 38.9% (21/18) | 51.3% (20/19) | 0.05 | 0.82 | 66.7% (8/4) | 55.6% (5/4) | 38.9 % (7/11) | 2.28 | 0.33 |
| Smoker, % (smoker/nonsmoker) | 12.8% (5/34) | 41.0% (16/23) | 7.89 | 0.005** | 50.0% (6/6) | 44.4% (4/5) | 33.3% (6/12) | 0.88 | 0.70 |
| First episode, % (first/recurrent) | - | 56.4% (22/17) | - | - | 66.7% (8/4) | 77.8% (7/2) | 38.9 (7/11) | 4.22 | 0.13 |
| Antidepressant | |||||||||
| Paroxetine | - | 22 (56.4) | - | - | 9 (75.0) | 6 (66.7) | 7 (38.9) | 4.56 | 0.30 |
| Venlafaxine | - | 15 (38.5) | 3 (25.0) | 3 (33.3) | 9 (50.0) | ||||
| Duloxetine | - | 2 (5.1) | 0 | 0 | 2 (11.1) | ||||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | t (df = 1) | p | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | F (df = 2) | p | |
| Age (years) | 32.3±8.3 | 34.3±11.5 | -0.88 | 0.38 | 35.1±13.2 | 33.4±8.5 | 34.2±12.1 | 0.05 | 0.95 |
| Onset age (years) | - | 28.4±9.8 | - | - | 31.1±10.9 | 31.8±7.6 | 24.9±9.3 | 2.24 | 0.12 |
| Education (years) | 16.5±2.1 | 13.9±2.7 | 4.65 | <0.001*** | 14.2±1.7 | 14.6±1.8 | 13.2±3.5 | 0.85 | 0.44 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2). | 23.4±3.5 | 22.7±3.5 | 0.85 | 0.40 | 23.5±4.1 | 23.1±3.4 | 22.0±3.2 | 0.70 | 0.51 |
| Number of MDE | - | 1.7±0.9 | - | - | 1.4±0.7 | 1.2±0.4 | 2.1±1.1 | 3.72 | 0.03* |
| Number of suicide attempts | - | 0.9±1.3 | - | - | 0.4±0.9 | 1.0±1.5 | 1.1±1.5 | 1.05 | 0.36 |
| Baseline HDRS score | 0.4±1.1 | 27.8±5.4 | -30.8 | <0.001*** | 26.5±5.1 | 26.8±4.1 | 29.2±6.2 | 1.07 | 0.35 |
| Dose of 4-[18F]-ADAM (mCi) | 8.1±1.2 | 7.8±1.0 | 1.28 | 0.20 | 7.8±0.8 | 8.1±0.9 | 7.6±1.2 | 0.60 | 0.55 |
MDD, major depressive disorder; MDE, major depressive episode; HDRS, 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; SD, standard deviation; df: degree of freedom. Bold numbers indicate significance.
a Fisher’s exact test.
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 is considered as significant.