Table 1. Selected Features of the Interventions (Total = 48 studies).
| Author | Event | Timing of intervention delivery | Setting of intervention delivery |
Providers | Approach | Parent Involvement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berger et al. (2007)8 | Chronic terrorism including suicide bombings in Hadera, Israel (2000–2003) | Ongoing terrorism | School | TSP | G | PI |
| Berger et al. (2012)9 | Chronic terrorism including multiple rocket attacks in Sderot, Israel (2000–2008) | Ongoing terrorism | School | TSP | G | PH and PI |
| Berger and Gelkopf (2009)10 | Indian Ocean tsunami, Sri Lanka (2004) | 14.5 mo | School | TSP | G | PH |
| Brown, Pearlman, and Goodman (2004)11 | September 11 terrorist attack (2001) | NSa | HMHS | MHP | I | PA and PI |
| Brown et al., (2006)7 Classroom intervention | September 11 terrorist attack (2001) | 29 mob | School | MHP | G | PA |
| Brown et al., (2006)7 Individual intervention | September 11 terrorist attack (2001) | 31 mob | HMHS | MHP | I | PA |
| Cain et al. (2010)12 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | 23 mo | School and Other (Disaster trailer parks) | MHP and TSP | G | No |
| Catani et al. (2009)13 | Indian Ocean tsunami, Sri Lanka (2004) | 3 wk | Other (Camps) | MHP and TSP | I | No |
| CATS Consortium (2010)14 | September 11 terrorist attack (2001) | NS | School and HMHS | MHP | NS | PI |
| Chemtob, Nakashima, and Carlson (2002a)15 | Hurricane Iniki (1992) | 3.5 y | School | MHP | NS | No |
| Chemtob, Nakashima, and Hamada (2002b)16 | Hurricane Iniki (1992) | 2 y | School | MHP | G and I | No |
| Cohen et al. (2009)17 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | 15 mo | School and HMHS | MHP | G and I | PA and PI |
| de Roos et al. (2011)18 | Explosion at a fireworks factory in Enschede, Netherlands (2000) | 6 mo (from 2001 to 2004) | HMHS | MHP | I | PA and PI |
| Fernandez (2007)19 | Earthquake in Molise, Italy (2002) | Three treatment cycles (1, 3, and 12 mo post disaster) | School | MHP | I | PA and PI |
| Field et al. (1996)20 | Hurricane Andrew (1992) | 1 mo | NS | MHP | I | No |
| Galante and Foa (1986)21 | Earthquake in Central Italy (1980) | 6 mo | School | MHP | G | No |
| Gelkopf and Berger (2009)22 | Chronic terrorism including multiple terror attacks in Beer Sheba, Israel (2000–2006) | Ongoing terrorism | School | TSP | G | PI |
| Giannopoulou et al. (2006)23 | Earthquake in Athens, Greece (1999) | 2–4 mo | HMHS | MHP | G | PA, PH, and PI |
| Gilboa-Schechtman et al. (2010)24 | Heterogeneous including terrorist attacks, motor vehicle accidents, and sexual and nonsexual assaults in Israel | NS | HMHS | MHP | I | PA and PI |
| Goenjian et al. (1997)25 | Earthquake in Spitak, Armenia (1988) | 18 mo | School | MHP | G and I | Fd |
| Goenjian et al. (2005)26 | Earthquake in Spitak, Armenia (1988) | 18 mo | School | MHP | G and I | F |
| Goodman, et al. (2004)27 | September 11 terrorist attack (2001) | 6 mo | HMHS | MHP | I | PA and PI |
| Hardin et al. (2002)28 | Hurricane Hugo (1989) | NS | School | MHP | G | No |
| Jaycox et al. (2010)29 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | 20 mo for CBITSb and 21.5 mo for TF-CBTb | School and HMHS | MHP | G and I | PI |
| Karairmak and Aydin (2008)30 | Earthquake in the Marmara region, Turkey (1999) | 10 mo | School | MHP | G | No |
| Lesmana et al. (2009)31 | Terrorist attack in Bali, Indonesia (2002) | 6 wk | NS | MHP | G | No |
| Mahmoudi-Gharaei et al. (2009)32 | Earthquake in Bam, Iran (2003) | 6 and 8 mo | Other (Tents) | MHP | G | No |
| Mahmoudi-Gharaei et al. (2009)33 | Earthquake in Bam, Iran (2003) | NS | Other (Tents) | MHP | G | No |
| March et al. (1998)34 | Heterogeneous including car accidents, severe storms, accidental and gunshot injury, severe illness, and fires | NS | School | MHP | G and I | No |
| Plummer et al. (2009)35 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | 7 mo | School | MHP | G | PA |
| Ronan and Johnston (1999)36 | Volcanic eruptions of Mount Ruapehu, New Zealand (1995) | 3 mo | School | MHP | G | No |
| Ronan and Johnston (2003)37 | Hazard education-preparedness, New Zealand | NA (preparedness) | School | TSP | G | PH and PI |
| Sahin et al. (2011)38 | Earthquake in the Marmara region, Turkey (1999) |
10 mo | School | MHP | G | PI |
| Salloum and Overstreet (2008)39 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | 7 mob | School | MHP | G and I | PA and PI |
| Salloum and Overstreet (2012)40 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | 40 mob | School | MHP | G and I | PA and PI |
| Scheeringa, et al. (2011)41 | Heterogeneous including Hurricane Katrina (2005), acute injury, and witness to domestic violence | 22.5 mob,c | NS | MHP | I | PA, PH, and PI |
| Shen (2002)42 | Earthquake in Taiwan (1999) | NS | School | MHP | G | PA |
| Shooshtary et al. (2008)43 | Earthquake in Bam, Iran (2003) | 4 mo | NS | MHP | G | No |
| Taylor and Weems (2011)44 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | 4 y | School | MHP | I | PA |
| Vijayakumar et al. (2006)45 | Indian Ocean tsunami, Srinivasapuram, India (2004) |
15 mob | Other (Community center) |
MHP and Other (Volunteers) |
G | No |
| Vila et al. (1999)46 | School hostage crisis in Paris, France (1995) | 1 d and 6 wk | School | MHP | G and I | PA and PI |
| Weems et al. 200947 | Hurricane Katrina (2005) | Wave 1: 13 mo Wave 2: 16 mo |
School | MHP | G | No |
| Wolmer, Hamiel, Barchas et al. (2011)48 | Second Lebanon War (Chronic terrorism) (2006) |
5 mo | School | TSP | G | PA |
| Wolmer, Hamiel, and Laor (2011)49 | Chronic terrorism with preventive intervention before rocket attacks, Operation Cast Lead, Israel (2008–2009) | 3 mo before rocket attacks | School | TSP | G | No |
| Wolmer, Laor, Dedeoglu et al. 200550 | Earthquake in the Marmara region, Turkey (1999) | 4.5 mo | School | TSP | G | PA |
| Wolmer, Laor and Yazgan (2003)51 | Earthquake in the Marmara region, Turkey (1999) | 4.5 mo | School | TSP | G | PI |
| Yule (1992)52 | Jupiter cruise ship sinking at the Greek port of Piraeus (1988) | 10 d for debriefing and thereafter for CBT | School | MHP | G | No |
| Yule and Udwin (1991)53 | Jupiter cruise ship sinking at the Greek port of Piraeus (1988) | 10 d | School | MHP | G and I | No |
Note: F, family intervention was provided if needed; G, group sessions; HMHS, health or mental health site; I, individual sessions; MHP, mental health professional; NS, not specified; NA, not applicable; PA, parent involved in assessment; PH, parent involved in child’s intervention homework; PI, parent involved in intervention; TSP, teacher and/or other school personal; aThe investigators were provided with a database of contact information of potential study participants 6 mo after the September 11 attack, but they did not specify the actual time of delivery of the intervention; bWhen the date for the start and end of the intervention were reported, timing was computed as the mean time interval between the time the investigators began to administer the intervention and when they completed intervention administration which may have varied for individual participants or for groups of participants; cThis is the timing of the second phase of the study. The first phase started 5 mo before Hurricane Katrina and was interrupted by the disaster while the second phase started 6 mo after the hurricane and was implemented over a period of 33 mo; dInformation about the family intervention in the study by Goenjian and colleagues25 was obtained from the later study by the same group.26