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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 7.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Soc Rev. 2015 Jun 9;44(17):6258–6286. doi: 10.1039/c4cs00511b

Figure 5.

Figure 5

(A) The anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy of cancer by blocking PD-L1/PD-1 pathways in the TME.166 Reproduced with permission from ref. 166, Copyright 2011 Nature Publishing Group. (B) Co-localization of PD-L1 (red) and markers (green) of tumour-infiltrating immune cells and tumour cell by immunofluorescence staining.163 Reproduced with permission from ref. 163, Copyright 2014 Nature Publishing Group. (C) CT images of a bladder cancer patient before and after the 2-cycle treatment with MPDL3280A had almost complete remission.162 Reproduced with permission from ref. 162, Copyright 2014 Nature Publishing Group.