Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for mammogram and Pap test samples
| Panel A. Mammography sample | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts | New England control states | |||
| Pre-reform and implementation | Post-reform | Pre-reform and implementation | Post-reform | |
| Unweighted N | 3,527 | 5,984 | 10,534 | 11,443 |
| Weighted N | 1,350,617 | 1,064,416 | 1,727,512 | 1,400,908 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Mammogram in past year | 75.8% | 77.8% | 72.7% | 72.1% |
| Mammogram in past two years | 88.6% | 89.3% | 86.0% | 85.8% |
| Basic demographics | ||||
| Age | 56.1 (0.10) | 56.1 (0.08) | 56.1 (0.05) | 56.2 (0.06) |
| Married | 64.2% | 67.02% | 66.4% | 69.2% |
| Employed | 68.6% | 73.50% | 70.4% | 71.0% |
| Insured | 93.8% | 96.87% | 92.8% | 92.5% |
| Education | ||||
| Less than 1st grade | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% |
| Less than 9th grade | 2.0% | 1.7% | 1.3% | 0.7% |
| Some high school | 3.7% | 2.6% | 3.2% | 2.4% |
| High school grad | 24.0% | 20.0% | 28.7% | 25.1% |
| Some college | 24.9% | 25.4% | 26.0% | 25.6% |
| College grad | 45.2% | 50.2% | 40.8% | 46.2% |
| Household Income | ||||
| Less than $10,000 | 4.2% | 2.8% | 3.5% | 2.8% |
| $10,000-$14,999 | 3.8% | 2.8% | 3.2% | 2.7% |
| $15,000-$19,999 | 3.7% | 3.7% | 4.6% | 3.6% |
| $20,000-$24,999 | 5.9% | 5.8% | 6.1% | 5.0% |
| $25,000-$34,999 | 8.7% | 7.5% | 10.9% | 7.8% |
| $35,000-$49,999 | 15.0% | 12.1% | 16.5% | 13.8% |
| $50,000-$74,999 | 21.2% | 17.5% | 22.0% | 20.3% |
| $75,000 or more | 37.6% | 47.8% | 33.3% | 44.1% |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 92.5% | 87.4% | 93.6% | 92.7% |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 1.9% | 4.0% | 2.2% | 2.4% |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 0.5% | 1.2% | 0.4% | 0.8% |
| Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.1% |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native, non-Hispanic | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.5% |
| Other, non-Hispanic | 0.5% | 1.3% | 0.3% | 0.4% |
| Multiracial, non-Hispanic | 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.5% | 0.6% |
| Hispanic | 3.5% | 5.1% | 2.5% | 2.6% |
| Panel B. Pap test sample | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Massachusetts | New England control states | |||
| Pre-reform and implementation | Post-reform | Pre-reform and implementation | Post-reform | |
| Unweighted N | 9,514 | 11,483 | 25,360 | 19,535 |
| Weighted N | 4,479,356 | 3,071,763 | 5,308,530 | 3,597,204 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Pap test in past year | 76.6% | 75.1% | 75.8% | 69.5% |
| Pap test in past three years | 93.2% | 93.3% | 92.9% | 91.5% |
| Basic demographics | ||||
| Age | 40.1 (0.18) | 41.9 (0.17) | 40.5 (0.10) | 42.1 (0.15) |
| Married | 60.8% | 64.7% | 62.2% | 66.6% |
| Employed | 71.7% | 75.6% | 73.9% | 73.4% |
| Insured | 93.1% | 96.5% | 90.3% | 91.3% |
| Education | ||||
| Less than 1st grade | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.0% |
| Less than 9th grade | 1.5% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 0.7% |
| Some high school | 3.3% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 2.7% |
| High school grad | 19.6% | 17.4% | 24.7% | 20.9% |
| Some college | 24.9% | 23.8% | 27.1% | 25.6% |
| College grad | 50.7% | 54.7% | 44.3% | 50.1% |
| Household Income | ||||
| Less than $10,000 | 3.8% | 2.7% | 3.0% | 3.0% |
| $10,000-$14,999 | 3.4% | 2.3% | 3.1% | 2.8% |
| $15,000-$19,999 | 4.5% | 4.2% | 4.9% | 3.9% |
| $20,000-$24,999 | 6.0% | 6.2% | 6.7% | 5.4% |
| $25,000-$34,999 | 8.6% | 6.8% | 10.7% | 7.6% |
| $35,000-$49,999 | 13.8% | 11.3% | 16.4% | 12.9% |
| $50,000-$74,999 | 21.3% | 17.1% | 21.0% | 19.4% |
| $75,000 or more | 38.7% | 49.5% | 34.1% | 45.1% |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 85.3% | 80.6% | 88.1% | 87.2% |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 3.3% | 4.5% | 3.5% | 2.7% |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 2.5% | 2.9% | 1.4% | 2.3% |
| Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native, non-Hispanic | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.4% |
| Other, non-Hispanic | 0.8% | 1.8% | 0.6% | 0.6% |
| Multiracial, non-Hispanic | 0.6% | 1.0% | 0.6% | 0.9% |
| Hispanic | 7.1% | 8.6% | 5.2% | 5.8% |
Notes: All figures represent weighted percentages or means with linearized standard errors in parentheses for continuous variables.