Table 1.

Gastroenterologist cluster analysis (see Fig. 4 for representative quotes)

Physician cluster	Characteristics
Shared decision-making “Believers” (19.8 %)	Believe that shared decision making improves patient satisfaction and engages patients, leading to better patient adherence and potentially better outcomes Feel that time and lack of payment for services are barriers to shared decision-making implementation Believe shared decision making would provide legal protection  If this is demonstrated, they will have an even greater interest in implementing shared decision making Are less likely to document shared decision making
Shared decision-making “Skeptics” (46.5 %)	Are less likely to see patients as qualified to participate in treatment decisions Had neutral agreement that shared decision making has an impact on patient satisfaction and outcomes Process of shared decision making is less systematic and not well documented
Shared decision-making “Enthusiasts” (33.7 %)	Believe that patients’ opinions on treatment need to be respected even if a physician disagrees Have a strong agreement that shared decision making will have an impact on patient satisfaction and outcomes Most likely to currently use and document shared decision making