Table 3.

Summary information for seven tomato intervention studies that measured urate levels before and after intervention

Study	Total (n)			Age1 (years)	Urate Measurement	Start Urate2 (μmolL-1)	End Urate2 (μmolL-1)	P-value3	Intervention
	All	M	F
Engelhard et al. (37)4	31	18	13	48 (30–73)	Serum	336.7 ± 14.3	349.2 ± 15.5	P > 0.05	Participants consumed 1 250 mg ‘Lyc-O-Mato’ tomato extract capsule per day for 8 weeks
Jacob et al. (38)	24	4	20	23 (19–27)	Plasma	221.4 ± 49.8	221.0 ± 45.9	P > 0.05	Participants consumed 250 mL tomato juice twice daily for 2 weeks5
					Urinary (mg/mg Cr)	0.39 ± 0.2	0.52 ± 0.2	P < 0.05
Lee et al. (39)6	10	10	-	26	Plasma	348 ± 55	394 ± 407	P < 0.01	Participants consumed a single 150 g portion of tomato sauce
Todd et al. (40)4,8	34	13	21	52 (27–64)	Plasma	326.1 ± 73.9	329.1 ± 77.5	P > 0.05	Participants consumed 500 mL tomato juice per day for 4 weeks
Todd et al. (41)8	23	5	18	44 (24–61)	Plasma	280.5 ± 72.0	292.2 ± 67.0	P > 0.05	Participants consumed 500 mL tomato juice per day for 4 weeks
Abete et al. (36)	30	18	12	(18–50)	Serum	267.7 ± 53.5	261.7 ± 71.4	P > 0.05	Participants consumed 160 g tomato sauce per day for 4 weeks
Vinha et al. (42)	35	-	35	20 (18–25)	Plasma	207.6 ± 55.9	198.1 ± 46.4	P < 0.001	Participants consumed an ~90 g tomato each day before lunch for 4 weeks

¹Average (range)

²Average ± standard deviation

³All P-values were obtained using a Paired Student’s t-test or one-way ANOVA to assess data for significant changes before and after intervention (P < 0.05 indicates significance)

⁴All participants had hypertension

⁵Participants were divided into two groups – data are shown for only 12 individuals (no demographic data were available)

⁶All participants were of Chinese ethnicity

⁷Measurement taken 48 h after tomato consumption

⁸All uric acid data was not published, data shown here was provided by the study authors directly