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. 2015 Jun 29;15(7):15363–15397. doi: 10.3390/s150715363

Table 3.

Parameter Variation overview (Δ & ∇ for parameter increases and decreases, respectively).

Fruit/Vegetable Frequency Temperature Storage Time Conclusions
ε′ ε″ Others ε′ ε″ Others ε′ ε″ Others
Apple Impedance ∇ Reactance ∇ No pattern No pattern Conductance Δ Firmness Δ pH Δ Linear decrease with frequency
Avocado At low freq. Δ At high freq. ∇ At low freq. Δ Inflection point at Critical edge freq. 100 MHz
Carrot Inflection point at Critical edge freq. 100 MHz
Coconut Linear decrease with frequency
Eggplant Linear decrease with frequency
Grape Conductance Δ Capacitance Δ Impedance ∇ Δ Equ. Capacitance ∇ Equ. Parallel capacitance Δ conductance Δ Linear increase with storage time
Guava Energy storage capability ∇ Relative permittivity Δ Relative permittivity Δ Linear decrease with frequency
Mango Dp ∇ Δ Dp ∇ Linear decrease with frequency
Melon Frequency linear relationship between 10 and 500 MHz
Orange At low freq.Δ At low freq.Δ Dispersion shift to higher freq. Temperature linear increase below 50 MHz
Peach ∇ & Std. < 2% V type & Std. < 10% Dp Δ High correlation of:LR & freq. and LR & fruit firmness linear ∇ Frequency and temperature linear decrease
Potato From −20 °C to 0 °C Δ From 0 °C to 100 °C ∇ From −20 °C to 0 °C Δ From 0 °C to 100 °C Δ then ∇ Frequency linear decrease, varying temperature pattern
Tomato Exponential ∇ ∇ then Δ at 915 MHz Exponential relationship with frequency