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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 20.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Psychiatry. 2013 Jan;170(1):83–93. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12010121

TABLE 4.

Summary Findings and Effect Size Estimates for ITSEA Outcomes at 12 Months Postpartum, for All Participantsa

Outcome Intervention Group (N=156) Control Group (N=163) Analysis
ITSEA outcomes, mean scores (range 0–2) Adjusted Mean Adjusted Mean Adjusted Mean Difference 95% CI Effect Sizeb p
Externalizing domain 0.62 0.71 −0.09 −0.16, −0.01 −0.19 0.03
Internalizing domain 0.57 0.62 −0.05 −0.13, 0.03 −0.10 0.23
Dysregulation domain 0.54 0.59 −0.06 −0.12, 0.01 −0.15 0.07
Competence domain 1.07 1.02 0.05 −0.02, 0.13 0.12 0.18
ITSEA outcomes, % clinically at risk Estimated %c Estimated %c Odds Ratio 95% CI p
Externalizing domain 13.69 20.62 1.88 0.92, 3.81 0.09
Internalizing domain 20.27 27.16 1.61 0.88, 2.92 0.12
Dysregulation domain 15.80 18.67 1.37 0.70, 2.69 0.36
Competence domain 20.27 17.66 0.86 0.46, 1.63 0.65
a

ITSEA=Infant and Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment. Analyses adjusted for covariates, which included study site, use of alcohol during index pregnancy, lifetime use of cigarettes, and baseline Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score.

b

Standardized pairwise differences are defined as the average between treatment group difference in outcome scaled by the standard deviation of the outcome. Standardized differences represent treatment effect size estimates on the standard deviation scale of the outcome. Values of 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 are generally regarded as small, medium, and large, respectively (39).

c

Percentages are model-based estimates derived from imputed data.