FIG 10.

The phenotypes of strains in which AfPXG was silenced were due to peroxygenase activity. Addition of 100 μM 9-HOD, 13-HOD, mix-EOE (mono- or diepoxides), or mix-HOE (di- or trihydroxy compounds) to the (+) siRNAPXG1 strain restored fungal development. (A) Morphology and appearance of fungal growth on PDA medium; (B) mycelium dry weight; (C) conidium formation; (D and E) relative expression of aflD (D) and aflR (E) expression. (F) Aflatoxin B1 production. Controls (the WT strain and strains in which AfPXG was silenced) were treated with ethanol. (G) The production of AFB1 in the treatments over time (2, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 days [d] after inoculation). Treatments and measurements were done in triplicate. Values are means ± SDs (n = 9). Asterisks indicate significant differences between treatment with each exogenous oxylipin and the control treatment (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001).