Table 3.
Polychotomous regression modeling gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and chronic hypertension risk in the 2nd pregnancy
| 2nd pregnancy outcome | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational hypertension | Preeclampsia | Chronic hypertension | ||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Normotensive in the 1st pregnancy, N = 23,064 | ||||||
| 1st pregnancy SGA status | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 1.43 | 0.84–2.44 | 1.73 | 1.05–2.84 | 1.03 | 0.32–3.38 |
| 1st pregnancy preterm <34 weeks status | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 3.18 | 1.64–6.15 | 4.69 | 2.69–8.20 | 3.96 | 1.19–13.2 |
| 1st pregnancy admission blood pressurea | ||||||
| Normotensive | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Borderline | 2.07 | 1.52–2.81 | 2.02 | 1.46–2.78 | 2.04 | 1.07–3.89 |
| Hypertensive | 3.42 | 2.54–4.61 | 3.81 | 2.80–5.19 | 3.76 | 2.06–6.86 |
| Gestational diabetes in 1st pregnancy | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 1.77 | 0.91–3.43 | 0.98 | 0.40–2.44 | 1.02 | 0.29–3.55 |
| Gestational hypertension in the 1st pregnancy, N = 1,498 | ||||||
| 1st pregnancy SGA status | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 0.98 | 0.47–2.06 | 0.21 | 0.03–1.57 | 0.72 | 0.16–3.14 |
| 1st pregnancy preterm <34 weeks status | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 1.35 | 0.27–3.68 | – | – | 4.85 | 1.05–22.4 |
| 1st pregnancy admission blood pressurea | ||||||
| Normotensive | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Borderline | 2.32 | 1.26–4.29 | 8.52 | 1.97–36.9 | 2.71 | 0.75–9.83 |
| Hypertensive stage 1 | 2.75 | 1.55–4.88 | 9.14 | 2.18–38.4 | 3.47 | 1.02–11.8 |
| Hypertensive stage 2/3 | 3.85 | 2.00–7.39 | 12.6 | 2.81–56.8 | 5.94 | 1.61–21.9 |
| Gestational diabetes in 1st pregnancy | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 0.82 | 0.31–2.19 | 1.69 | 0.55–5.21 | 1.26 | 0.31–5.05 |
| Preeclampsia in the 1st pregnancy, N = 1,288 | ||||||
| 1st pregnancy SGA status | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 1.03 | 0.53–1.98 | 0.58 | 0.27–1.27 | 0.52 | 0.11–2.45 |
| 1st pregnancy preterm <34 weeks status | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 1.00 | 0.52–1.93 | 1.78 | 1.03–3.11 | 1.41 | 0.47–4.25 |
| 1st pregnancy admission blood pressurea | ||||||
| Normotensive | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Borderline | 1.95 | 0.85–4.51 | 0.99 | 0.45–2.20 | 0.59 | 0.16–2.20 |
| Hypertensive stage 1 | 2.85 | 1.32–6.18 | 1.66 | 0.84–3.30 | 1.38 | 0.48–3.94 |
| Hypertensive stage 2/3 | 3.69 | 1.65–8.25 | 2.96 | 1.46–6.01 | 0.88 | 0.25–3.05 |
| Gestational diabetes in 1st pregnancy | ||||||
| No | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent |
| Yes | 0.85 | 0.28–2.58 | 1.52 | 0.63–3.68 | 0.57 | 0.11–2.89 |
Adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, insurance, marital status, smoking during pregnancy, alcohol during pregnancy, interpregnancy interval, preexisting diabetes mellitus, asthma/depression/thyroid disease, 1st and 2nd prepregnancy weight difference, and prepregnancy body mass index.
Bold values indicate a significance of p< 0.05.
Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SGA: small for gestational age.
a1st pregnancy admission blood pressure categorized as: normotensive if both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were ≤129/84mm Hg, borderline if either SBP or DBP was 130–139/85–89mm Hg, hypertensive stage 1 if either SBP or DBP was 140–159/90–99mm Hg, hypertensive stage 2/3 if either SBP or DBP was ≥160/100mm Hg. Among women who were normotensive in their 1st pregnancy, hypertensive stages were combined into one group with either SBP or DBP being ≥140/90mm Hg.