Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants by case status, Study of Pregnancy-induced Hypertension in Iowa, 2004–2005
| Variable | Preeclampsia | Normotensive controls | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 164 | 110 | |
| Age at birth (years) | 26.2 (4.9) | 26.4 (5.2) | 0.85 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 27.3 (5.9) | 23.9 (4.9) | <0.0001 |
| Smoked during pregnancy, n (%) | |||
| Nonsmoker | 129 (78.7) | 86 (78.2) | 0.02 |
| First trimester only | 22 (13.4) | 6 (5.5) | |
| Second/third trimester | 13 (7.9) | 18 (16.4) | |
| Education, n (%) | |||
| High school diploma or less | 28 (17.1) | 20 (18.2) | 0.27 |
| Some college | 66 (40.2) | 34 (30.9) | |
| College graduate | 70 (42.7) | 56 (50.9) | |
| Physical activity (metabolic equivalent hours/week) | 6.2 (10.3) | 11.2 (17.8) | 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol genotype score | 68.8 (6.3) | 69.0 (5.3) | 0.81 |
| LDL cholesterol genotype score | 50.2 (6.0) | 49.8 (5.6) | 0.57 |
| HDL cholesterol genotype score | 66.2 (6.6) | 64.9 (7.4) | 0.12 |
| Triglyceride genotype score | 40.5 (5.1) | 40.3 (4.8) | 0.80 |
Data are means (SD) or percent, unless otherwise indicated; t-tests used to test difference between cases and controls for continuous variables. Chi-square tests were performed to test differences between cases and controls for categorical variables. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.