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. 2015 Aug 10;23(5):428–445. doi: 10.1089/ars.2013.5783

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Copyright 2015, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

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FIG. 8. — Rac1-dependent NADPH oxidase activation and ROS generation. Schematic illustration of the mechanism dependent on Rac1 subunit, leading to phosphorylation/translocation of p47phox and activation of endothelial NADPH oxidase (116)—modified. Stimulation of cells results in phospholipase D1 and D2 (PLD1 and PLD2) activation and activation of Rac1/Tiam1 (which are regulated by phosphatidic acid [PA]). This leads to Src-dependent phosphorylation of p47phox and cortactin. Subsequently, assembly of the NADPH oxidase complex occurs for ROS generation. Tiam, T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1.