Table 4.
Standard echocardiography and tissue Doppler echocardiography parameters in four groups of patients according to the stage of CKD and EmLV
| parameter | Early stage CKD without LVDD (n = 33) | Early stage CKD with LVDD (n = 16) | Advanced stage CKD without LVDD (n = 10) | Advanced stage CKD with LVDD (n = 14) | p < 0.05 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LVEDD (cm) | 4.5 ± 0.5 | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 4.7 ± 0.7 | – |
| RVEDD (cm) | 2.7 (2.1–3.0) | 2.8 (2.3–3.3) | 2.7 (2.3–3.0) | 2.8 (2.2–3.2) | 1–2 |
| LAD (cm) | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 4.2 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.6 | – |
| LVEF (%) | 63 (51–76) | 59 (50–66) | 58 (54–69) | 58 (54–71) | 1–2, 1–3 |
| LVMI (g/m2) | 83 (58–138) | 107 (74–210) | 97 (81–127) | 99 (60–198) | 1–2 |
| IVSDd (cm) | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | 1.15 (1.0–1.3) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1–2, 1–4 |
| LVPWd (cm) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1–2, 1–4 |
| E (cm/s) | 73 ± 17 | 59 ± 12 | 70 ± 15 | 54 ± 17 | 1–2, 1–4 |
| A (cm/s) | 71 (54–105) | 79 (63–111) | 79 (47–118) | 80 (55–141) | – |
| DecT (msec) | 217 ± 41 | 230 ± 56 | 222 ± 52 | 255 ± 60 | – |
| E/A | 0.94 (0.65–1.42) | 0.70 (0.53–1.17) | 0.84 (0.56–1.65) | 0.60 (0.42–1.24) | 1–2, 1.4 |
| SmLV (cm/s) | 8 (5–14) | 7 (6–9) | 9 (7–13) | 7 (6–14) | 1–2, 2–3 |
| EmLV (cm/s) | 9 (8–17) | 6 (3–7) | 11 (8–13) | 6 (3–7) | 1–2, 1–4, 2–3, 3–4 |
| AmLV (cm/s) | 9 (7–17) | 10 (6–13) | 12 (6–16) | 10 (7–14) | – |
| Em/AmLV | 1.0 (0.5–2.1) | 0.55 (0.33–1.16) | 0.88 (0.56–2.0) | 0.50 (0.37–0.77) | 1–2, 1–4, 3–4 |
| E/Em | 7.4 (4.7–11.2) | 9.7 (6.9–13.8) | 6.1 (4.8–11.6) | 9.1 (6.2–14.3) | 1–2, 2–3 |
CKD chronic kidney disease, LVDD left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, RVEDD right ventricular end-diastolic dimension, LAD left atrial diastolic dimension, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVMI left ventricular mass index, IVSDd interventricular septal diastolic diameter, LVPWd left ventricular left ventricular posterior wall dimension at diastole, E early transmitral peak velocity, A late transmitral peak velocity, DT deceleration time, E/A ratio of early transmitral peak velocity to late transmitral peak velocity, SmLV peak mitral annular systolic velocity, EmLV peak early diastolic velocity, AmLV peak late diastolic velocity, Em/AmLV ratio of peak early diastolic velocity to peak late diastolic velocity, E/Em ratio of early transmitral peak velocity to mitral annular early diastolic velocity, 1 Early stage CKD without LVDD, 2 Early stage CKD with LVDD, 3 Advanced stage CKD without LVDD, 4 Advanced stage CKD with LVDD