Table 1.
Mean ratings (SD) (Round 1; range: 0–10) and agreement rates (Round 2; %) for items to be included within the definition
| Round 1 | Round 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Rating | Inclusion | |
| Provisionally included | ||
| Low heel to toe drop | 9.2 (1.8) | 88.1 |
| High flexibility | 9.1 (1.8) | 95.2 |
| Absence of motion control/stability technologies | 9.1 (1.9) | 97.6 |
| Provide minimal interference to the natural movement of the foot | 9.0 (2.6) | 88.1 |
| Light weight | 8.9 (1.9) | 92.9 |
| Low stack height | 8.6 (2.3) | 88.1 |
| Allow for natural expansion of the forefoot | 8.4 (2.6) | 85.7 |
| Anatomical last (wide toe-box) | 7.3 (3.3) | 78.6 |
| Encourage lower limb kinematics similar to barefoot | 7.2 (3.8) | 61.9 |
| Encourage lower limb kinetics similar to barefoot | 7.1 (3.9) | 61.9 |
| Round 1 | Round 2 | |
| Rating | Exclusion | |
| Provisionally excluded | ||
| Allow for ground feel | 6.9 (3.1) | 66.7 |
| Encourage lower limb muscle activation similar to barefoot | 6.8 (3.9) | 71.4 |
| Absence of sole cushioninga | 5.6 (3.8) | --- |
| Facilitate afferent feedback similar to barefoot runninga | 4.9 (3.8) | --- |
| Replicate energy expenditure of barefoot running | 4.8 (3.5) | 83.3 |
| Replicate oxygen consumption of barefoot running | 4.6 (3.4) | 81.0 |
| Adequate vertical volume of toe-boxa | 3.8 (3.5) | --- |
aAdditional items suggested by participants during Round 1. These items did not obtain sufficient ratings to be further considered for inclusion