Table 5. Comparison of traits between snake hatchlings born from unturned (top embryos) or turned eggs (bottom embryos).

Egg treatment	Unturned (top)	Turned (bottom)	df, F	P
Incubation duration (days)	44.86 ± 1.36	44.37 ± 1.45	1, 36; 1.13	0.29
Emergence time (days)	0.36 ± 0.49	0.69 ± 0.48	1, 36; 4.10	0.050
Residual yolk index	−0.027 ± 0.22	0.14 ± 0.17	1, 36; 0.38	0.54
Body mass (g)	2.26 ± 0.41	2.16 ± 0.49	1, 36; 0.61	0.44
Snout-vent length (cm)	13.01 ± 1.02	12.94 ± 0.99	1, 36; 0.05	0.84
Body condition index	0.0074 ± 0.049	−0.010 ± 0.042	1, 36; 1.32	0.26
Swimming speed (cm.s-1)	39.72 ± 8.04	42.28 ± 10.87	1, 23; 0.44	0.51
Swimming speed (body length.s-1)	3.02 ± 0.56	3.14 ± 0.71	1, 23; 0.19	0.67
Time to exit shelter (min)	44.45 ± 21.07	52.25 ± 19.19	1, 25; 0.87	0.36
Defensive score	0.71 ± 1.35	0.89 ± 1.69	1, 24; 0.09	0.77