Table 2.

Percentages of total phenotypic variance explained by genotype, planting method, and year

	Genotypea	Planting methodb	Yearb
P	34.3	3.4	28.6
K	32.5	18.9	27.1
Mg	52.4	0.2	11.7
S	30.4	13.8	12.2
Ca	46.9	1.1	14.3
As	25.4	18.9	12.6
Cd	30.1	7.8	7.2
Co	50.6	2.9	11.1
Cu	46.2	8.2	9.7
Fe	44.6	0.1	11.6
Mn	50.5	2.1	3.7
Mo	56.3	2.1	7.7
Ni	3.4	27.3	50.1
Rb	38.0	0.6	17.9
Sr	58.5	2.3	9.0
Zn	43.4	16.7	6.4
Avg. across elements	40.2	7.9	15.1

^aThe percentage of total phenotypic variance explained is also known as broadsense heritability (H ²)

^bBecause a different field location was used each year with the stagger-planted 2002, 2003, and 2006 fields being physically closer to each other than the field areas planted in 2007 and 2008, the variances attributed to ‘Planting method’ and ‘Year’ are both potentially confounded by differences in soil mineral availability. The ANOVA models considered ‘Year’ nested within ‘Planting method’