Table 2.

Hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals] for the association between mortality risk over 9 years of follow-up and the mean level of life satisfaction over time, the standard deviation of life satisfaction over time, or their interaction^a

	Model
	Model 1b	Model 2c	Model 3d	Model 4e
Mean of life satisfaction	0.82**** [0.76, 0.89]	0.87*** [0.80, 0.95]	0.93† [0.86, 1.01]	0.93 [0.84, 1.02]
Standard deviation of life satisfaction	1.20**** [1.11, 1.29]	1.15*** [1.06, 1.24]	1.08† [1.00, 1.17]	1.08† [0.99, 1.18]
Mean of life satisfaction * Standard deviation of life satisfactionf	0.92** [0.87, 0.97]	0.91*** [0.86, 0.96]	0.91*** [0.86, 0.96]	0.91*** [0.86, 0.96]

^aThere were 4,458 participants and 546 cases in each model

^bAdjusted for age

^cAdjusted for demographic characteristics (age, gender, education) and health conditions

^dAdjusted for demographic characteristics, health conditions, and health behaviors (smoking status, physical activity)

^eAdjusted for demographic characteristics, health conditions, health behaviors, and depressive symptoms

^fThe models with the interaction term also controlled for the lower order effects (i.e., the mean of life satisfaction and the standard deviation of life satisfaction)

^†p ≤ .10

^*p ≤ .05

^**p ≤ .01

^***p ≤ .001

^****p ≤ .0001