Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Variables | Totel (N = 11,345) | Nondiabetics (n = 10,163) | Diabetics (n = 1182) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.8 ± 10.6 | 53.4 ± 10.6 | 57.5 ± 9.7 | <0.001 |
| Man (%) | 5253 (46.3) | 4731 (46.6) | 522 (44.2) | 0.12 |
| Education | <0.001 | |||
| Low | 5760 (50.8) | 4960 (48.8) | 692 (58.5) | |
| Middle | 4539 (38.4) | 4231 (41.6) | 392 (33.2) | |
| High | 1046 (9.2) | 972 (9.6) | 98 (8.3) | |
| Family income (dollar/year) | 0.06 | |||
| <5000 | 1607 (14.2) | 1238 (12.2) | 166 (14.0) | |
| 5000–20,000 | 6060 (53.4) | 5547 (54.6) | 646 (54.7) | |
| >20,000 | 3678 (32.4) | 3378 (33.2) | 370 (31.3) | |
| Smokers (%) | 4007 (35.3) | 3647 (35.9) | 360 (30.5) | <0.001 |
| Drinkers (%) | 2565 (22.6) | 2311 (22.7) | 254 (21.5) | 0.32 |
| Han (%) | 10,759 (94.8) | 9640 (94.9) | 1119 (94.7) | 0.79 |
| Othersa (%) | 586 (5.2) | 523 (5.1) | 63 (5.3) | |
| Anthropometric measures | ||||
| Height (m) | 1.61 ± 0.08 | 1.61 ± 0.08 | 1.60 ± 0.08 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 3.7 | 24.6 ± 3.6 | 26.2 ± 3.7 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 82.4 ± 9.8 | 81.9 ± 9.7 | 87.1 ± 9.5 | <0.001 |
| ABSI (m11/6 kg−2/3) | 0.0767 ± 0.0052 | 0.0765 ± 0.0052 | 0.0783 ± 0.0048 | <0.001 |
| BRI | 3.70 ± 1.22 | 3.49 ± 1.11 | 3.87 ± 1.29 | <0.001 |
| WHtR | 0.51 ± 0.06 | 0.51 ± 0.06 | 0.55 ± 0.06 | <0.001 |
| Measurement indicators | ||||
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 291.9 ± 84.8 | 290.9 ± 84.0 | 300.1 ± 91.4 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 141.7 ± 23.4 | 140.3 ± 23.0 | 153.2 ± 24.0 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 82.0 ± 11.8 | 81.6 ± 11.6 | 85.5 ± 12.5 | <0.001 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 3.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.6 ± 1.5 | 1.5 ± 1.3 | 2.5 ± 2.6 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.9 ± 1.6 | 5.5 ± 0.6 | 9.3 ± 3.2 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: ABSI a body shape index, BMI body mass index, BRI body roundness index, CNY China Yuan (1CNY = 0.161 USD), FPG fasting plasma glucose, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SBP systolic blood pressure, SD standard deviation, TC total cholesterol, TG triacylglycerol, WC waist circumference, WHtR waist-to-height ratio
aIncluding some ethnic minorities in China, such as Mongol and Manchu