Table 5.

Summary of Results and Robustness Testing

	BC Screening		CRC Screening		CC Screening		ACS|Admission
	Marg Eff	p-value	Marg Eff	p-value	Marg Eff	p-value	Marg Eff	p-value
Baseline marginal effects—δP (outcome)
Acq1A	−0.0525	.0000	0.0245	.0000	0.0257	.0000	−0.0017	.8730
Acq1B	0.0043	.8310	0.0174	.0760	0.0023	.8420	−0.0036	.8460
Acq2	0.0348	.0110	−0.0091	.1370	0.0213	.0060	0.0401	.0090
Outcome	Mixed		Favorable		Favorable		Negative
Passed Bonferroni Test?	Yes		Yes		Yes		Yes
Testing alternate control groups
Compare only to those not vertically integrated (MS1&2, PC1&2)	Consistent results		Consistent results; loss of precision		Consistent results; large loss of precision		Consistent results; loss of precision
Compare only to those not vertically integrated and multispecialty (MS1&2)	Consistent results		Consistent results; large loss of precision		Consistent results; loss of precision		Consistent results; loss of precision
Compare only to those always vertically integrated (IDS1-5)	Consistent results		Consistent results		Consistent results		Consistent results
Compare only to those always vertically integrated and involved in acquisitions (IDS1&2)	Consistent results		Consistent results		Consistent results; loss of precision		Consistent results
Compare only to IDS1 (always vertically integrated and involved in acquisition)	Consistent results; loss of precision		Consistent results		Consistent results		Consistent results
Compare only to IDS2 (always vertically integrated and involved in acquisitions)	Consistent results		Consistent results		Opposite results		Consistent results
Testing placebo treatment effects
IDS1 as acq; IDS2&3 as control	Incr prob		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test
PC1 as acq; MS1 as control	Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test
MS1 as acq; IDS5 as control	Incr prob		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test

	Future Readmit|Admission		ED Appropriate		1 + IP Admits		1 + ED Visits
	Marg Eff	p-value	Marg Eff	p-value	Marg Eff	p-value	Marg Eff	p-value
Baseline marginal effects—DP (outcome)
Acq1A	−0.0163	.0870	0.0031	.7220	−0.0065	.0110	−0.0102	.0040
Acq1B	0.0032	.8550	0.0212	.0630	−0.0054	.2500	0.0064	.3000
Acq2	0.0085	.4870	0.0227	.0040	−0.0022	.4690	0.0118	.0070
Outcome	None		Favorable		Favorable		Mixed
Passed Bonferroni Test?	No		Yes		No		Yes
Testing alternate control groups
Compare only to those not vertically integrated (MS1&2, PC1&2)	N/A		Consistent results; increased precision		N/A		Consistent results; loss of precision
Compare only to those not vertically integrated and multispecialty (MS1&2)	N/A		Consistent results; increased precision		N/A		Consistent results for Acq1A; increased precision
Compare only to those always vertically integrated (IDS1-5)	N/A		Consistent results; loss of precision		N/A		Consistent results
Compare only to those always vertically integrated and involved in acquisitions (IDS1&2)	N/A		Consistent results; loss of precision		N/A		Consistent results
Compare only to IDS1 (always vertically integrated and involved in acquisition)	N/A		Consistent results		N/A		Consistent results
Compare only to IDS2 (always vertically integrated and involved in acquisitions)	N/A		Consistent results		N/A		Consistent results
Testing placebo treatment effects
IDS1 as acq; IDS2&3 as control	N/A		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		N/A		Decr prob
PC1 as acq; MS1 as control	N/A		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		N/A		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test
MS1 as acq; IDS5 as control	N/A		Not stat sig by Bonferroni test		N/A		Decr prob