Table 1.
Physiological Roles of NOX2
| NOX2 tissue expression | Proposed function | Proposed mechanism | Evidence for NOX2 role | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neutrophil | Host defense | ROS damage to macromolecules | CGD, NOX2 KO mouse | (87) |
| ROS-dependent NET generation | CGD, NOX2 KO mouse | (74, 82) | ||
| ROS signaling | NOX2 KO mouse | (105, 149) | ||
| Macrophage | Host defense | ROS damage to macromolecules | CGD | (259) |
| ROS-dependent cytokine production | CGD | (13, 234) | ||
| ROS control of antigen processing | NOX2 KO mouse | (248) | ||
| Resolution of inflammation | ROS-dependent mediator production | CGD | (76) | |
| T-cell activation and proliferation | ROS oxidation of T-cell surface Cys thiols | p47phox mutant rat | (85) | |
| Dendritic cells | Host defense | ROS control of antigen processing | Ebselen; NOX2 KO mouse | (180, 256) |
| Microglial cells | Host defense | ROS damage to macromolecules | NOX2 KO mouse | (64) |
| ROS-regulated cytokine production, signaling, and transcription | NOX2 KO mouse | (136, 214) | ||
| Endothelial cells | Cell proliferation and survival | ROS-regulated transcription | NOX2 siRNA | (78, 221) |
| Endothelial permeability | ROS-regulated signaling and transcription | p47phox siRNA | (164) | |
| Vascular tone | O2•− depletion of NO | NOX2 KO mouse | (89) | |
| Vascular smooth muscle | Vascular tone, growth and development | ROS-regulated signaling and transcription | NOX2 siRNA | (29) |
| Skeletal muscle | Contractility | ROS regulation of Ca2+ channels, transcription | NOX2 KO mouse | (168) |
| Heart muscle | Contractility | ROS regulation of Ca2+ channels, transcription | NOX2 KO mouse | (231) |
| Neurons | Neuronal plasticity, memory | ROS regulated signaling, ion channels, and transcription | NOX2, p47phox KO mice | (139) |
| Neuronal development | ROS regulation of signaling and transcription | NOX2 KO mouse | (61) | |
| Pancreatic beta cells | Insulin secretion | ROS regulation of signaling and transcription | NOX2 siRNA and NOX2 KO mouse | (165, 337) |
| Hepatocytes | Apoptosis | ROS regulation of transcription | NOX2 expression | (191) |
| Hematopoeitic cells | Development, mitosis | ROS regulation of signaling and transcription | NOX2 KO mouse | (311) |
| Adipocytes | Differentiation | ROS regulation of signaling and transcription | Inhibitors, translocation of p47phox and p67phox | (255) |
| Pulmonary neuroepithelial bodies | O2 sensing | ROS activation of O2•− sensitive K+ channels | NOX2 siRNA | (34) |
| Lens epithelial cells | Cell proliferation | ROS regulation of signaling | p22phox siRNA, translocation of p47phox and p67phox | (320) |
CGD, chronic granulomatous disease; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form; NO, nitric oxide; NOX, NADPH oxidase; NET, neutrophil extracellular trap; ROS, reactive oxygen species.