Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for cases and controls

Criteria for cases		Criteria for controls
Inclusion	Exclusion	Inclusion	Exclusion
Age 18 or over	Pre-admission diagnosis of terminal illness (e.g. metastatic malignancy, terminal AIDS)	Age 18 or over	Pre-existing diagnosis of terminal illness (e.g. metastatic malignancy, terminal AIDS)
Lives in Blantyre city	Current anti-TB treatment or evidence of current TB infection	Lives in Blantyre city	Current anti-TB treatment or evidence of current TB infection
Reported cough or chest pain or breathlessness or haemoptysis	Prior hospitalisation within the last 4 weeks		Hospitalisation for a pneumonia-like illness in the past 4 months or current pneumonia-like illness
Reported fever or recorded fever (≥38 °C)	Prior participation in the study		Prior participation in the study
Crepitations or pleural rub or bronchial breathing or clinical features of pleural effusion	Lives in a residential institution (eg. prison)		Lives in a residential institution (eg. prison)
Radiological changes judged to be new and consistent with pneumonia, without another obvious cause	Death prior to follow up assessment		Death prior to follow up assessment
Requires hospitalisation	Alternative diagnosis explaining their presentation		Utilises private health care facilities if has illness requiring hospitalisation
	Symptoms for 14 days or more